Course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures" Topic: Prophet Muhammad and the emergence of Islam Objectives: To know the main events in the life and work of the Prophet Muhammad. Lesson progress 1. Emotional mood for the lesson - Hello guys! - Assalam malikum! - Tell me, please, why did I greet you so today? - Sit down in your seats and discuss with your shoulder partner why today the lesson began with such an unusual greeting? (1 min) - Many have already finished the discussion, I would like to know your opinion. (This is how Muslims greeted each other. We are studying the history of the religion of other peoples, now we will talk about Islam) - Quite right, guys. This is a greeting with the wishes of peace and goodness - Assalamu maleikum! This is how Muslims around the world greet each other, shake hands when they meet and wish peace and good. This greeting is conditioned by tradition and religion. Of course, you are right, today we are getting acquainted with new religion Islam. In the previous lessons we got acquainted with the history of Christianity, spiritual, moral values Christian culture and above all Orthodox. 2. Checking homework - Let's repeat the topic of the previous lesson. Test, work in pairs. Check 1 Divine services are performed by A) Priests C) Ministers of the church and parishioners B) Parishioners D) another answer 2 K Church holidays include A) Christmas C) Easter B) Baptism D) All answers are correct 3 Cloths with sacred images are called A) Banner C) Banners B) Flag D) Standard Orthodox Church happens A) Fire C) Earth B) Wind D) Water 7 Confession is - A) Repentance C) Communion B) Wedding D) Baptism 8 What do the bride and groom exchange during the wedding A) Wreaths C) Rings B) Families D) Nothing 9 Who created the sacrament of communion A) Priests C) apostles B) Jesus Christ D) Another answer 10 The main church service is called A) Prayer C) Liturgy B) Procession D) All answers are correct 3. Work on the topic - We know with you that every religion has its own founder. - Do you know perfectly well who was the founder of Christianity? (Jesus Christ) - When we talk about Islam, we immediately remember the name Muhammad, which is translated as "glorified." The life of one or another founder of a religion is reflected in the sacred books and has important key events. - Today we will get acquainted with the initial pages of the Prophet Muhammad. - Guys, I'm now telling you a prophet, but who is a prophet? How do you understand the meaning of this word? I ask now, turn to your shoulder partner and discuss who the prophet is, numbers 1 and 3 begin. - Thank you, you have completed, these are your initial ideas ... - Well, now read in pairs, who is the prophet from my judgments. - Let's summarize, so who is a prophet - a person who is considered a believing messenger of God and through him the text was transmitted holy book muslim quran. Prophets are people chosen by Allah who received revelations from Him and preached the true religion to people. The first prophet was the first man, Adam. For Muslims, Muhammad is the last prophet. Muhammad was born in Arabia, in the city of Mecca. Arabia is located on the Arabian Peninsula - the southwestern part of Asia. From the east, the peninsula is surrounded by the Persian Gulf, in the west by the Red Sea, in the south by the Indian Ocean. In the north, the states of Iraq and Syria are now located. A significant part of Arabia is covered with deserts, where the climate is dry and hot. - And now we will work with the contour map. I suggest that everyone take a piece of paper, paint the territory of Arabia. Think about what color we need to take (yellow or orange, because the territory is a desert). - I already told you in which city Muhammad was born, who remembers? Mecca, right. Mark Mecca on your map and also, guys, mark the city with which we will get to know you - Medina. Try to remember these city names. - And where is Arabia located, since there is a hot and dry climate, of course, in Africa. Put down the contour maps and read about Arabia in the textbook on page 64, very interesting information about how they lived, what the inhabitants did. - And now I invite you to tell the group one by one what you learned from the material of the textbook. 1 number starts, the rest I listen carefully
Prophets are His beloved servants (people) chosen by Almighty Allah, who received revelations from Allah and taught people the true religion, i.e. God's Laws(sharia), sent down by Allah Almighty to the people through His messengers. And the messengers were sent by Allah to this or that nation or to all mankind to bring the true religion to them, to convey to them His commands, i.e. guiding them along the path of truth. Messengers were also prophets at the same time.
Prophet - in Arabic "nabi" (plural - "anbiya'").
Messenger - in Arabic "rasul" (plural - "mursalun" or "rusul").
It is impossible to become a prophet by one's own efforts, even by trying in worship, for prophets are chosen by the Almighty Himself.
As evidence of the prophetic mission, Allah Almighty endows the prophets with special abilities that are not characteristic of other people to perform miracles, called mu'jizat. For example, the staff of the prophet Musa (peace be upon him) turned into a snake, the prophet ‘Isa (peace be upon him) could heal the sick and resurrect the dead, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) split the moon, gave the army to drink the water exhaled from his fingers, stones spoke to him. The greatest mu'jizat of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the Koran, for this miracle is not limited by time or space.
The first prophet was the first man - Adam (peace be upon him), He worshiped his Creator. But the descendants of Adam (peace be upon him) eventually began to move away from the religion of Allah, to distort it. In order to direct the sons of Adam to the path of truth, Allah sent messengers and prophets to them, and punished those who were zealous in their disobedience. After some time, people again forgot about the instructions given to them through the prophets. And every time, when, succumbing to the suggestions of the devil and believing in the correctness of their worldview, people departed from the true religion, Allah, by His mercy, sent prophets to them to guide the erring on the right path.
Man distorted the true religion and departed from it. He attributed to the Creator the properties of His own creations, and attributed His syfats to the creations of Allah, brought religion in line with his own ideas about the universe, replacing the true knowledge received from Almighty Allah through His prophets with the knowledge of his limited intellect, corresponding to the level of public consciousness at this stage of human development, replaced the commands of the Almighty with invented norms and customs (adat), which led to morality. oh degradation of society.
Man, mired in pride, debauchery, gave the Creator such properties of His creations as multiplicity, the presence of sex, spatial and temporal dependence, perishability, etc. The ability of a person to overestimate his own mental and other abilities, the inability to objectively assess his real capabilities, the interpretation of the Books of Almighty Allah based on his own considerations and ideas - all this has always led and still leads him to false beliefs, currents or unbelief. Thus, where the true religion of Allah weakens, there appears the "product" of a limited intellect, the fantasy of man and the suggestions of the devil.
To guide people on the path of truth, Allah sent 124,000 prophets to humanity, including 313 messengers. Most Ulama believe that only Allah knows their number. Each of them confirmed the truth of the previous one and announced the next one. All of them called for monotheism, observance of the commands and prohibitions of the Almighty Allah, and there was complete continuity between them. Each nation, each people was sent one or more prophets, who were a kind of landmarks that show people the path of truth. They preached the truth in a form accessible to given people at this stage of development.
Prophets are the best, most valuable creations of Allah Almighty. Among the prophets, the messengers are the most revered, and among the messengers there are five: Muhammad (peace be upon him), Ibrahim, Musa, Isa and Nuh (peace be upon them). They are called "ulul-'azmi". Their significance corresponds to the given order of enumeration. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the best creation of Allah Almighty, the most valuable of His creations.
After the prophets, the most revered are Jibril, Mikail, Israfil, ‘Israel and other archangels (higher angels). Then come the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), that is, askhabs, in the following order: Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, ‘Usman, ‘Ali, they are also called righteous caliphs, for they rightly ruled after the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Then there are other askhabs who, during their lifetime, were also informed of the good news about the upcoming Paradise (there are only ten such askhabs along with the four listed above): Talhat, Zubair, ‘Abdurrahman, Saadu, Sa‘id, Abu ‘Ubaida. Then - the children and other members of the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Next come the participants of the ghazawat (holy war on the path of Allah) at Badr, at Uhud and the rest of the askhabs. Next come the Tabi‘ins, then the Imams, Avliya’, Tariqat sheikhs, may Allah Almighty be pleased with them all. Among the believers who had the true faith is the community (ummah) of Muhammad (peace be upon him).
Faith in the truth of all Holy Scriptures and prophets brings up religious tolerance and humanity in relation to followers of other beliefs and beliefs and thereby guarantees a person freedom of thought. A clear confirmation of this is the naming of their sons by Muslims by the names of previous prophets: Isa (Jesus), Musa (Moses), Ibrahim (Abraham), Yakub (Jacob), Yahya (John the Baptist), Dawood (David), Suleiman (Solomon), Yusuf (Joseph) and others.
New words: nabi, anbiya', rasul, mursalun, mu'jizat, tabi'ins, avliya'.
Questions for self-examination:
1. Who are prophets and messengers?
2. How many prophets and messengers were there in total?
3. Which prophets are the most revered?
4. After the prophets, who are the most valuable creations of Allah?
5. What is the religious tolerance of Muslims towards representatives of other faiths?
Tabi‘ins are the next generation of their followers after the askhabs, i.e. Muslims who saw and heard askhabs and followed them.
Awliya' - saints, people close to Allah.
Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 256.
Course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures"
Topic: Prophet Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
Objectives: To know the main events of the life and work of the Prophet Muhammad.
During the classes
Emotional mood for the lesson
- Hello guys!
Assalam malikum!
Tell me, please, why did I greet you like that today?
Sit down in your seats and discuss with a shoulder partner why today's lesson began with such an unusual greeting? (1 min)
Many have already finished the discussion, I would like to know your opinion. (This is how Muslims greeted each other. We are studying the history of the religion of other peoples, now we will talk about Islam)
Absolutely right guys. This is a greeting with the wishes of peace and goodness - Assalamu maleikum!
This is how Muslims around the world greet each other, shake hands when they meet and wish peace and good.
This greeting is conditioned by tradition and religion. Of course, you are right, today we are getting acquainted with the new religion of Islam.
In the previous lessons, we got acquainted with the history of Christianity, the spiritual, moral values of Christian culture and, above all, Orthodox.
2. Checking homework
Let's repeat the topic of the previous lesson. Test, work in pairs. Examination
1 The service is performed
A) priests B) Church officials and parishioners
B) Parishioners D) another answer
2 Church holidays include
A) Christmas B) Easter
B) Baptism D) All answers are correct
3 Cloths with sacred images are called
A) Banner B) Banners
B) Flag D) Standard
4 Post is -
A) Abstinence from food of animal origin
B) Abstinence from food of plant origin C) Abstinence from food
D) Refraining from drinking
5 Special rites are called
A) secret B) sacraments
B) secrecy D) another answer
6 The baptism of a person in the Orthodox Church takes place
A) fire B) earth
B) Wind D) water
7 Confession is -
A) Repentance C) Communion
B) Wedding D) Baptism
8 What do the bride and groom exchange at the wedding
A) wreaths B) rings
B) Families D) Nothing
9 Who created the sacrament of the sacrament
A) priests B) apostles
B) Jesus Christ D) another answer
10 The main church service is called
A) Prayer B) Liturgy
B) Procession D) All answers are correct
3. Work on the topic
We know with you that every religion has its founder.
Do you know perfectly well who was the founder of Christianity? (Jesus Christ)
When we talk about Islam, we immediately remember the name Muhammad, which is translated as "glorified." The life of one or another founder of a religion is reflected in the sacred books and has important key events.
Today we will get acquainted with the initial pages of the prophet Muhammad.
Guys, I'm now telling you a prophet, but who is a prophet? How do you understand the meaning of this word?
I ask now, turn to your shoulder partner and discuss who the prophet is, numbers 1 and 3 begin.
Thank you, you're done, these are your initial submissions...
Okay, now read in pairs who is the prophet from my judgments.
Let's summarize, so who is a prophet - a person who is considered a believing messenger of God and through him the text of the holy book of Muslims, the Koran, was transmitted.
Prophets are people chosen by Allah who received revelations from Him and preached the true religion to people. The first prophet was the first man - Adam. For Muslims, Muhammad is the last prophet.
Muhammad was born in Arabia, in the city Mecca. Arabia is located on the Arabian Peninsula - the southwestern part of Asia. From the east, the peninsula is surrounded by the Persian Gulf, in the west - by the Red Sea, in the south - by the Indian Ocean. In the north, the states of Iraq and Syria are now located.
A significant part of Arabia is covered with deserts, where the climate is dry and hot. - And now we will work with the contour map. I suggest that everyone take a piece of paper, paint the territory of Arabia. Think about what color we need to take (yellow or orange, because the territory is a desert).
I already told you in which city Muhammad was born, who remembers? Mecca, right. Mark Mecca on your map and also, guys, mark the city with which we will get to know you - Medina. Try to remember these city names.
And where is Arabia located, since there is a hot and dry climate, of course, in Africa.
Put down the contour maps and read about Arabia in the textbook on page 64, very interesting information about how the inhabitants lived, what they did.
And now I invite you to tell the group one by one what you learned from the material of the textbook. 1 number starts, the rest listen carefully and try to complete the partner's story. I found out that…
4. Physical education
5. Continued work on the topic.
You learned where you lived, what lifestyle they led, who the Arabs bowed to.
Since this is a desert, there is not much land suitable for agriculture. Mecca is located in a rocky area, the soil here is completely unsuitable for growing plants.
Therefore, Mecca developed mainly as a center of trade.
Arabia was inhabited by tribes Arabs.
Some of the Arabs led a nomadic lifestyle, but mostly the population was sedentary, that is, they lived in cities and villages. Arab nomads (they were called Bedouin) engaged in cattle breeding, and settled - in trade.
In Arabia, family ties were very strong. If someone offended a person, it was believed that the offense was inflicted on the entire tribe. The tribesmen immediately rose to the defense of the victim. Therefore, conflicts often arose among the tribes, reaching military clashes.
Arabs mostly worshiped idols, i.e. images different gods made of wood, stone or other materials. Idolatry it was so common that every family, every tribe had its own idol.
What are people called who worshiped their gods? Discuss in the group, start 2 numbers. Polytheism, when faced with this concept, in the study of Christianity.
People of this faith in Islam are called polytheists - mush-Rikun. The Arabian Peninsula was inhabited not only by polytheists, but also by followers of other religions, such as Christians and Jews. Mecca was cultural center Arabia, where the Kaaba was located, a cubic temple that still houses the black stone, one of the Muslim saints. According to legend, when he was a white yacht, but turned black. – Why do you think this stone turned black? (from the sinfulness of people). At one time, the Kaaba was a holy place for pagan Arabs. On the territory of the Kaaba there were many different idols that were worshiped by the ancient Arabs. Then, by the will of Muhammad, the Kaaba became the sanctuary of the Muslims, and all the idols were destroyed.
So, since we are talking about the prophet, I suggest reading about the childhood of Muhammad in the textbook, p. 65 (2nd paragraph) - in a chain.
(Prophet Muhammad was left an orphan early. His father Abdullah died before the birth of his son. Muhammad's mother's name was Amina. It was customary among the Arabs to give babies to breast-feeding Bedouins who lived in the desert. There the children grew up healthy, strong and learned pure Arabic. Muhammad was taken in by a nurse named Holima. The kid lived in the house of his nurse until he was five years old. When he was six years old, his mother Amina died. After her death, the orphaned Muhammad was raised by his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib. He loved his grandson very much and surrounded him with all sorts of care. But my grandfather also died when Muhammad was only eight years old. And the boy began to live with his father's brother, whose name was Abu Talib.
Abu Talib was kind person. He loved his nephew Muhammad, took care of him, protected him from troubles and bad people. But Abu Talib was poor and had many children. Muhammad saw that it was very difficult for his uncle to feed a large family. The boy had a very kind and sensitive heart. And so when he grew up a little, he decided to go to work to help Abu Talib. Muhammad began herding flocks of sheep in the vicinity of his hometown of Mecca. Every year for one month the boy lived in the desert. Around him were only plants, the sky, stars and sheep, which he pastured. Muhammad spent a lot of time thinking about God and how He created such a beautiful and diverse world. It was cold in the desert, and the boy froze at night. He had little food with him and was often hungry. Therefore, the future prophet from an early age knew how badly poor people suffer from hunger and cold.
Abu Talib was engaged in trade. Once, as a teenager, Muhammad went to Syria with his uncle. This was his first trip outside of Arabia. He learned from his uncle how to trade. Soon the young man earned the trust of many residents of Mecca with his good manners and truthfulness. They calmly trusted Muhammad with the most precious things. They even called him al-Amin, which means "true, reliable").
And now I suggest that you fill out the table “The Family of the Prophet”, i.e. write down the information we read from the textbook. Pair work
| 1. What was the name of Muhammad's father? | |
| 2. What was the name of the mother of the future prophet? | |
| 3. How old was Muhammad when his grandfather died? | |
| 4. Who began to raise the boy? | |
| 5. What did Muhammad's uncle do? | |
| 6. Where did Muhammad make his first journey? | |
| 7. What does al-Amin mean in translation? |
And now, I suggest you look at an excerpt from the life story of Muhammad. (Viewing the cartoon "Muhammad")
Now do the work in a group, starting with number 1, on one piece of paper, with one pen, write down the childhood and youth of the future prophet. (2 min, 30 sec each)
Thank you finished, now 2 numbers will voice their judgments.
There was a wealthy widow in Makkah named Hadj. She heard reviews of Muhammad as a reliable and honest person. And Khadija invited Muhammad to handle her business affairs. Muhammad, then 25 years old, agreed. They later got married. After some time, Muhammad and Khadija had children. They lived a happy and peaceful life in Mecca.
Years passed, and Muhammad, wise by experience, began to think more and more often about the life that the inhabitants of his city led. Although he had a wonderful family and was happy, Muhammad was haunted by some questions.
The future prophet often left the hustle and bustle of the city in a quiet cave, which was located on the mountain An-Nur. Here in the cave Hira, Muhammad meditated in complete solitude and peace. “How interesting everything is in life,” he thought. - I used to be a poor orphan, but now I have become a rich man. I have a wonderful wife and children whom I love very much. But I still lack something in order to be completely happy.”
The future prophet of Allah, of course, understood what exactly was haunting him. For a long time he was worried about the state of affairs in Mecca: the poor there were completely helpless. Their lives were terrible. The Meccans did not care for the orphans and did not help the sick. It seemed that the people of Mecca were only interested in money. And the more money they had, the more they wanted to have it! Moreover, these people worshiped idols. They thought that idols would help them get closer to Allah. Such thoughts troubled Muhammad for many years.
Muhammad was forty years old when Allah first revealed to him his first revelation. We will learn about this in the next lesson.
6. Summary of the lesson
So guys, what conclusion can we draw on the topic? (Muhammad was a simple, kind person, a shepherd, people respected him, were not afraid to entrust him with the most valuable thing they had, he was reliable and honest. Maybe that's why, according to Muslim tradition, he was destined for the path of a prophet.)
Thank you for the lesson.
Praise be to Allah.
Firstly.
Faith in Allah and His messengers includes the belief that ‘Isa, peace be upon him, is a prophet and messenger whom the Great and Almighty Allah sent to the children of Israel. A person's faith will not be true until he believes in all the prophets of Allah and His messengers, may Allah bless and greet them. Allah Almighty said:
آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ رُسُلِهِ
The messenger and the believers believed in what was sent down to him from the Lord. They all believed in Allah, His angels, His Scriptures and His messengers. They say, "We make no distinction between His messengers." They say: “We listen and we obey! We ask for Your forgiveness, our Lord, and we will arrive to You.(Sura 2 The Cow, verse 285).
Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him, said:
Believers believe in One Allah, Self-sufficient, besides Whom there is no other God and Lord. They believe in all prophets, messengers, all scriptures sent down from heaven to the servants of Allah, messengers and prophets. They make no distinction between them, believing in some and leaving others. No, all the prophets for them are truthful, God-fearing, walk a straight path and point to a good path.(Tafsir Ibn Kathir. T. 1. S. 736).
‘Abd ar-Rahman as-Saadi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Disbelief in some of them is disbelief in all, is disbelief in Allah(Tafsir al-Saadi, p. 120).
Secondly.
The celebration of the birth of the Prophet (mawlid) (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is an innovation that neither the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, nor any of the Companions did. And there is no news that the founders of the madhhabs saw this as permissible or desirable, let alone participation. Celebrating the birth of a prophet is an act forbidden, condemned, and an innovation.
The scholars of the Standing Committee said:
The celebration (celebration) of the birth of the prophet is a forbidden innovation, since there is no evidence for this either in the Book of Allah or in the Sunnah of His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. None of the righteous caliphs and those who lived in the best centuries did such a thing.(Fataua-l-lyajnati-d-daima. T. 2. S. 244).
For more information, please refer to the answers to questions no. and no.
The birth of a prophet, which is celebrated by Muslims without knowledge, is a newly invented custom that must be fought and forbidden. Therefore, bringing as evidence of the permissibility of celebrating the New Year and Christmas, celebrating the birth of the Prophet is untenable from the outset. Since celebrating the birth of a prophet is not allowed, because it is an innovation in religion. What is compared with innovation is also innovation.
Third.
The celebration by Christians of the holiday, which they call Christmas, is an innovation and polytheism. A Muslim is not allowed to imitate them, and ‘Isa, peace be upon him, is not involved in this holiday and in the people who celebrate it.
For Muslims, the celebration of this holiday is not only an innovation, but also an assimilation of Christians in what is part of their religion. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: He who has become like a nation has become one of them.(Abu Dawud No. 3512; al-Albani in Sahih sunan Abi Daoud said the hadeeth was authentic. Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said that the chain of narrators of the hadith is good: “The least that this hadeeth indicates is the prohibition of imitating them, although its external meaning implies disbelief of the person who imitates them. As it says in the words of Allah:
ومن يتولهم منكم فإنه منهم
“If any of you considers them his helpers and friends, then he himself is one of them” (Sura 5 “Meal”, ayat 51) ”(Iktidau-s-syrat. P. 82).
Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: You learned that the main reason for the departure (distortion) of the religion of Allah and His laws, as well as the spread of disbelief and sins, is assimilation to unbelievers. And the main cause of any good is the preservation of the customs of the prophets and their laws. Therefore, it is considered a great offense in religion to commit an innovation, even if there is no likeness in it. Then what about the one in which both of them are present?!(Iktidau-s-syrat. S. 116).
Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Merry Christmas or other greetings religious holiday It is forbidden according to the unanimous opinion /ittifak/ of scientists, since this act indicates agreement with the customs of unbelievers, contentment with their deeds. Even if a person does not accept doing them himself, it is forbidden for a Muslim to be pleased with the deeds of unbelievers or congratulate another on them. It is also forbidden for a Muslim to imitate the unbelievers and organize events on these occasions, exchange gifts, distribute sweets or cooked food, or turn this day into a day off, etc. Indeed, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever imitates any people has become one of them” (Abu Dawud)(Majmu‘ fatawa wa rasail Ibn ‘Uthaymeen. T. 3. S. 45-46). Provided with abbreviations.
For an answer about participation with non-believers in celebrating their holidays, refer to the answers to questions No. and .
So, the harm due to the celebration of holidays by Muslims, timed to coincide with the beginning of the New Year, arises for several reasons.
1. In the celebration of this day there is an likeness to unbelievers and polytheists, who are pushed to celebrate this date by their unbelief in the Lord and polytheism. Also, it is not part of the Law that was given to the prophet ‘Isa, peace be upon him. Both their scholars and ours are unanimous that ‘Isa did not legalize such events. This holiday is the result of a mixture of innovation and polytheism, and this result is accompanied by depraved acts that some sinners are known to commit on these days. Is it possible to be like them in this?
2. The celebration of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is not permissible because, as has been said, it is an innovation. Judging by analogy, based on it, is impossible. If the basis of the analogy itself is not suitable, then the analogy becomes unsuitable.
3. The celebration of Christmas (New Year) is condemned in any case. It is impossible to talk about permissibility, since this holiday is initially unfaithful because of the wickedness, unbelief and sins that occur during it. This cannot be compared with anything, and there is no way to make it permissible.
4. For this incorrect comparison by analogy to be true, we need to reject it and say: Why don't we celebrate the birth of every prophet? Aren't all prophets messengers from Allah? But no one utters such words.
5. There is no exact knowledge about the birth of each prophet, there is no reliable news about exact date the birth of our Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Historians disagree about the date of his birth and give different opinions; there are nine or more opinions. Therefore, the celebration of the birth of the prophet is incorrect and invalid both from the point of view of Shariah and from the point of view of history. Celebrations of the births of our prophet and the prophet ‘Isa, peace be upon them both, have no foundation.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Celebrating the night of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is not correct from the point of view of Sharia, nor from a historical point of view.(Fataua nurun ‘ala-d-darb. T. 19. S. 45).
And Allah Almighty knows best.
Allah specifically indicates to us in the Qur'an that the Prophet Isa (peace be upon him), from the very moment of conception and birth until his impending death, in all respects possessed amazing, wonderful features that distinguished him from all people.
First of all, the prophet Isa (peace be upon him) was conceived and was born, bypassing the natural stages of the birth of any person, for he was created without a father. Even before his birth, Allah Almighty informed his mother, the righteous Maryam, through His angels about many wonderful features of her unborn child and the good news that he was sent down to her by Allah in order to become the Messiah for the human race.
One of the features of the prophet Isa (m.e.) is that he is "a word from Allah." ... After all, the Messiah, Isa, the son of Maryam, is the messenger of Allah and His word [Be done!], which He sent to Maryam, a spirit from Him ... (Sura An Nisa "a", 4:171) And the angels said: “O Maryam! Verily, Allah pleases you with the good news of the Word from Him. His name is Messiah" Isa, son of Maryam. He [will] be honored, [chosen and glorious] in this and the next world and from those who are close [to Allah].” (Sura "Al" Imran, 3:45) The expression "word from Allah" is used in the Qur'an only in relation to the prophet Isa (m.e.).
Allah told the righteous Maryam the name of the future child even before he was born. All people on earth receive their name from their parents, while the position of the prophet Isa was different: Allah called him the Word from Himself, giving him the name "Isa the Messiah." This is one of the clear signs that the prophet Isa (me.) was born as a creature different from other people. Many wonderful phenomena from the life of the prophet, somehow amazing deeds or ascension to Allah during life, as well as his birth, testify to this difference. As you know, the birth of a child is a complex process and requires very good care for the woman in labor. It is very difficult for a woman who is about to give birth to cope with them alone, without the help of an experienced assistant or medical intervention.
However, the righteous Maryam, who did not have the slightest experience in this matter, relying on the Grace of the Almighty and His Will, alone coped with this difficult process. She went to the trunk of a palm tree, unable to endure labor pains, and exclaimed: “How I wish I had died before this and be forever forgotten!” Тогда ["Иса] воззвал из лона: «Не печалься, твой Господь сотворил возле тебя ручей. Так потряси ствол пальмы - на тебя посыплются свежие финики. Теперь ешь, пей и возрадуй взор свой. Если же увидишь какого-нибудь человека, то скажи: „Воистину, я дала Милостивому обет поста и не стану сегодня говорить ни с кем“». (Сура «Марйам», 19:23-26)
Allah helped her with His revelations when labor pains intensified. The Lord guided her, prompted what needed to be done, and provided everything so that the birth would take place in the easiest way and in the best conditions. This is a great boon granted by Allah Almighty to the righteous Maryam: When the righteous Maryam returned to parental home together with the child, the baby prophet Isa (m.e.), the people did not allow her to explain in any way what had happened to her. The people invented a terrible slander against Maryam and, building their assumptions and suspicions, accused the righteous woman of committing an unworthy and shameful deed.
The Gospel says that the Prophet Isa (Jesus) was born in Bethlehem, so this city is considered sacred to all Christians. [Maryam] came to her relatives, carrying [a newborn]. They said, “O Maryam! You have made an unimaginable mistake. Oh sister of Haruna! your father was not a bad person and your mother was not a dissolute woman…” (Sura Maryam, 19:27-28)
While many of the accusers knew her from the day she was born, they also knew how devoted to Allah she and her family were, how God-fearing Imran's family was. However, these cruel, unfair accusations against the righteous Maryam were a test from Allah. It was quite obvious that a woman who was supremely devoted to Allah and kept her integrity would never have done what she was accused of. The accusations and sidelong glances of people were a special test for her, created by Allah. Almighty Allah from the first minute of her birth has always helped her in everything, in every deed he created the most righteous outcome.
Righteous Maryam knew that everything in this world is in the Will of Allah and only He will deliver her from all unfounded accusations and reveal her righteousness to everyone. For example, even in this situation, the Almighty gave righteous Maryam relief, He inspired her to observe the "vow of silence." When people from her people came to talk to her, she had to remain silent, and if those who wanted to insult or accuse her approached her, she had to silently point to the baby Isa (me). In this way, Allah eased her situation, relieving her of all grief with the words of people and keeping her from talking. However, the baby Isa himself began to give the most correct answers to people's questions.
When Allah gave Maryam the good news about the forthcoming birth of Isa (m.e.), He also informed her that the prophet Isa will talk in the cradle, as a baby:) He will talk to people [still] in the cradle, and already mature. He will be from among the righteous. (Sura Al "Imran", 3:46) Thus, Almighty Allah gave Maryam relief here too, for the newborn baby miraculously began to talk and explained to people the position of his mother, the righteous Maryam, so that all the "guardians" of morality were forced to stop insulting Maryam.
This event is described in the Quran as follows: She pointed to the baby, and they asked: “How can we talk to the child in the cradle?” [“Isa] said: “Verily, I am the servant of Allah. He gave me the Scripture and sent me a prophet. And wherever I was, He made me blessed [for people], bequeathed me the duty of prayer and zakat while I live; made me respectful of my mother, and He did not create me not heeding [his Lord], deprived of [His] blessing. on the day I will be resurrected.” (Sura Maryam, 19:29-33)
Undoubtedly, the ability of a healthy conversation in an infant while still in the cradle is a miraculous event. But most of all, it was amazing that the baby Isa (me.), only when he was born, knew something that no child could know. This miraculous event caused the children of Israel to admit that they were facing an incredible phenomenon. All these miraculous events indicated that the baby in the cradle was the messenger of Allah. Almighty Allah granted the righteous Maryam, who every moment of her life trusted in the Grace and Will of Allah, relief in all worldly trials. Allah, through the mouth of a baby, gave a firm answer to the slander that the people started against her, revealed an unprecedented miracle that plunged everyone into amazement and awe.
Allah said that those of the people who do not stop their accusations and insults against the righteous Maryam, refusing to accept Divine miraculous signs, will meet the great punishment of Allah (Sura Nisa, 156-157).
