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In ancient times, Greece was called Hellas. It was a beautiful country with an excellent climate, washed on three sides by the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. The highest mountain in Greece, Olympus, is located in the northern part of the country. Since ancient times, great gods reigned on Olympus, building palaces on the steep top of the mountain. In the main palace lived the ruler of gods and people, the thunderer Zeus.
Zeus was born on the distant island of Crete on the shortest day - December 22. Zeus grew up and became a young man of powerful physique. Having overthrown his father Kronos - the god of Time - from the Olympian throne, Zeus himself became the great god of Olympus. When he was angry, he threw golden lightning arrows, which caused thunderclaps, so they called him the Thunderer.
Zeus gave each of his brothers and sisters a small throne. Poseidon became the god of the seas, Hades the god of the underworld, Demeter the goddess of fertility and agriculture, Hestia the goddess of the hearth. Finally, Zeus took his pretty sister Hera as his wife.
Zeus and Hera had two sons - Ares and Hephaestus. And two daughters - Hebe and Iletia. From early childhood, Ares became interested in bows and javelins and played war, so when he grew up, with the consent of his father, he became the god of war. Hephaestus was a craftsman and inventor, he invented wheels and built chariots, and his daughters learned to dance and sing. Hebe became the goddess of eternal youth. The children of Zeus from other goddesses and earthly women became junior gods or titans - heroes of ancient Hellas. Each of them was endowed with some kind of talent and controlled the elements or craft.
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The presentation on the topic "God Zeus" can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Project subject: Various. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 8 slide(s).
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Zeus in Greek mythology is the supreme deity, the father of gods and people, the head of the Olympian family of gods. His name means "bright sky" in Greek. He is the son of Kronos and Rhea, belongs to the third generation of gods who overthrew the second generation of titans.
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Kronos was predicted that he would be deposed by his children, which is why he swallowed every newly born child. Rhea deceived her husband and slipped him a stone instead of the newborn Zeus, and secretly sent the baby to Crete, to Mount Dikta, where, according to legend, he was fed the milk of the goat Amalthea. Having matured, Zeus freed his brothers and sisters from the womb of Kronos and began a struggle with his father that lasted 10 years. Three brothers - Zeus, Poseidon and Hades - divided power among themselves. Zeus got dominance in the sky, Poseidon - in the sea, and Hades - the kingdom of the dead.
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The approval of Zeus occurred with great difficulty. Gaia rebelled against him, sending her offspring, Typhon, to Zeus, but Zeus defeated this wild creature with fiery lightning. Before this, Zeus defeated the children of Gaia - the giants. Olympian Zeus is considered the father of gods and people, but his power over the Olympian family is not very firm, and the dictates of fate are often unknown, and he learns about them by weighing the fate of heroes on golden scales.
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The second wife of Zeus is the goddess of justice Themis. Their daughters, the mountains, impart regularity and order to the lives of gods and people, and the moiras, the goddess of fate (on which Zeus himself no longer depends), seem to continue his will. The daughters of Zeus and Eurynome bring joy, fun and grace to life. Mnemosyne, the goddess of memory, gives birth to Zeus nine muses - thus Zeus becomes a source of inspiration, science and art. The third wife of Zeus, but the first in importance, is Hera, the patron goddess of marriage. From Leto, Zeus gives birth to Apollo and Artemis.
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Zeus gradually transforms the world, giving birth to gods who bring joy, fun, science, art, morality and conscience into this world. But Zeus continues to use his ancient weapons - thunder and lightning, suppressing resistance or punishing with brute force. In Homer, he is the “thunderer”, “cloud suppressor”, sending rains, winds and downpours. The Athenians asked him to rain over the arable lands.
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Olympian Zeus is the patron of the community of people, city life, the defender of the offended and the patron of those who pray; other gods obey him. The beneficent functions of Zeus are reflected in Aeschylus’s work “The Supplicators”: he is a helper in trouble, a savior, founder, protector, and ruler of the state. He is known as the patron of the people's assembly, the bearer of victory, and the helper of warriors.
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Zeus - in ancient Greek mythology, the god of the sky, thunder and lightning, in charge of the whole world. Chief of the Olympian gods, third son of the Titan Kronos and Rhea (erroneously the son of Kronos and Gaia). Brother of Hades, Hestia, Demeter, and Poseidon. Zeus's wife is the goddess Hera. Father of gods and men. In Roman mythology it was identified with Jupiter. Zeus - in ancient Greek mythology, the god of the sky, thunder and lightning, in charge of the whole world. Chief of the Olympian gods, third son of the Titan Kronos and Rhea (erroneously the son of Kronos and Gaia). Brother of Hades, Hestia, Demeter, and Poseidon. Zeus's wife is the goddess Hera. Father of gods and men. In Roman mythology it was identified with Jupiter. The attributes of Zeus were: a shield and a double-sided ax (labrys), sometimes an eagle; Olympus (Zeus the Olympian) was considered his seat. Zeus is thought of as “fire”, a “hot substance”, inhabiting the ether, owning the sky, the organizing center of cosmic and social life. In addition, he distributes good and evil on earth, putting shame and conscience into people. Zeus is a formidable punitive force, sometimes he is associated with fate, sometimes he himself acts as a creature subject to the Moiras - fate, fate. He can foresee the future. He announces the destinies of fate with the help of dreams, as well as thunder and lightning. The entire social order was built by Zeus, he is the patron of city life, the protector of the offended and the patron of those who pray, he gave laws to people, established the power of kings, he also protects the family and home, and monitors the observance of traditions and customs. Other gods obey him.
The birth of Zeus belongs to the third generation of gods, who overthrew the second generation - the Titans. Zeus's father Kronos was predicted that he was destined to be defeated by his own son and, in order not to be overthrown by his children, he each time swallowed the child just born to Rhea. Rhea finally decided to deceive her husband and secretly gave birth to another child - Zeus. According to Pausanias, “to list all those localities that claim to be the place of birth and education of Zeus would be impossible even for someone who would approach this issue with complete seriousness.” Different versions of the myth call the birthplace of the island of Crete (a cave in Mount Dikte [or Mount Ida) or Phrygia (Mount Ida). Instead of a newborn, she gave Kronos a swaddled stone to swallow. Zeus's navel fell off near the city of Fena on Crete. The newborn Zeus was bathed in the river Lusius in Arcadia. According to Theodore of Samothrace, Ptolemy Hephaestion, when he was born, laughed continuously for 7 days, which is why the number 7 is sacred. According to the Cretan version of the myth, Zeus was given to the Curetes and Corybantes, who fed him the milk of the goat Amalthea. Also in Crete he was fed with bee honey. According to another version, he was fed by a goat in the town of Egiy in Achaia. According to legend, the cave was guarded by guards and every time little Zeus began to cry, they knocked on the shields with spears so that Kronos would not hear it.
POWER STRUGGLE When Zeus grew up, he made a potion that made Kronos spit out Zeus' brothers. According to one version, Zeus was brought up on Naxos. When he set out on a campaign against the Titans, he noticed an eagle and guessed a good omen in it. When the gods divided the birds, Zeus got the eagle. On the scepter of Zeus there is an eagle. When Zeus opposed Kronos, the gods made an alliance. They made the altar on which they swore an oath into a constellation. Then, together with Zeus, the gods began to fight Kronos. The battle lasted 9 years, but did not reveal a winner. Then Zeus freed the Cyclopes and the Hundred-Handed Men from Tartarus, who swore allegiance to Zeus. Finally, the titans were defeated and cast into the abyss.
RULE Three brothers - Zeus, Poseidon and Hades - divided power among themselves. Zeus got dominance in the sky, Poseidon - the sea, Hades - the kingdom of the dead. In ancient times, Zeus ruled over the earth and in the underground, and administered judgment over the dead. During the period of patriarchy, Zeus is localized on Mount Olympus and is called Olympian.
ATTEMPTS TO OVERLOOK The first attempt to overthrow Zeus was made by Poseidon, Hera and Apollo: they chained Zeus and were about to imprison him in Tartarus, but his beloved Nereid Thetis called for help from the son of Uranus - Hecatoncheir Briareus. After the rebellion, Poseidon and Apollo built the walls of Troy, and Hera was suspended on golden chains between heaven and earth. The second time there was a prophecy that no one knew except Gaia and Prometheus. Zeus did not dare to disturb Gaia, since she was so ancient and venerable, and Prometheus did not say anything to Zeus then, for he ruled cruelly and greedily. Zeus chained Prometheus, but many years later Prometheus revealed the prophecy to Zeus, and he did not marry Thetis.
IMAGES Traditionally, Zeus is depicted as a man of mature age with noble features, framed by thick curls. In the works of later artists, especially modern masters, he is a character in love stories, deceiving women and taking on many guises.
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Slide captions:
Zeus Antique world
Zeus (Diy) is the supreme god of the Greeks, king and father of gods and people. Zeus is considered the son of Rhea and Cronus, which is why he is often called Kronid. Mount Olympus is considered the permanent residence of Zeus. According to the beliefs of the Greeks, Zeus controls all celestial phenomena and, above all, thunder and lightning. As the god of the sky, Zeus throws lightning, gives birth to thunder, gathers and disperses clouds.
When Zeus shakes his aegis, storms and rains come, but he also sends a fair wind and grants clear days. Zeus controls everything that happens in nature; he is in charge of the correct change of seasons. In addition, he distributes good and evil on earth, sometimes he is identified with fate, sometimes he himself acts as a being subject to Moira - fate. The future is open to him. He announces the destinies of fate through dreams, lightning and thunder, with the help of the flight of birds and the rustling of leaves of sacred trees.
The entire social order was established by Zeus, he gave people laws, established royal power, patronized public assemblies and councils, protected family and home, and monitored the implementation of ancient customs and religious rites.
The attributes of Zeus were the aegis, scepter, needle and hammer. As the giver of victory in war and competitions, Zeus carried the goddess Nike in his hand. According to the main version of the myth, Zeus was saved by his mother from Cronus, who swallowed his children, and was hidden by her in a safe shelter. When Zeus grew up and matured, he rebelled against his father and overthrew the rule of Cronus and the Titans. Zeus forced Cronus to vomit his swallowed brothers and sisters. Having overthrown his father into Tartarus, Zeus shared dominion over the world with his brothers, Poseidon and Hades. As the conqueror of Cronus, Zeus received supreme power over the other gods.
In ancient art, Zeus was depicted as an omnipotent ruler, seated on a throne with a scepter and Nike in his hands, with an eagle near the throne.
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