Home Fate Numerology Why is the pentagram a symbol of Satan. Satanic Star. Pentagram in the occult

Fate Numerology

Why is the pentagram a symbol of Satan. Satanic Star. Pentagram in the occult

Five pointed star (pentagram)

A symbol always contains more than its obvious and immediate meaning.

Carl Gustav Jung

Since ancient times, symbols have been the quintessence of human knowledge, the absolute of information, the expression of a higher idea that reveals the nature of things. Being present in the architectural design of buildings, in the image of logos and names of famous brands, on state emblems and emblems of various organizations and societies, ancient signs and symbols bring their hidden meaning, their idea of the world order and world order into our lives. Being deep in our subconscious, they affect our life and psycho-emotional state.

Amiens Cathedral, France

Here is the meaning of some of them:

Five pointed star (pentagram)

Contrary to a common stereotype, the five-pointed star (pentagram) is not a symbol of the devil or Satan. His "negative" The meaning of the five-pointed star is due to the demonologists of the times of the Inquisition. It was during the witch hunt that the popular symbol began to be identified with the devil and Baphomet, associated with witchcraft and the forces of evil. Echoes of those times form the core of today's stereotype of the five-pointed star as a symbol of Satan.

In astronomy- the pentagram is the trajectory of the planet Venus.

The oldest documented evidence of the use of a five-pointed star was found at the site of the ancient city of Ur in Mesopathamia and is dated 3500 BC.

The pentagram is ubiquitous in the design of buildings, structures and household items in the Ancient East, Egypt, India, China and Japan.

In ancient Babylon, they believed that the image of a five-pointed star on the doors of shops and warehouses would protect goods from damage and theft.

evangelical church

In ancient Greece, a five-pointed star (pentagram) or pentalpha (since it can be decomposed into five letters "alpha"), with light hand Pythagoras and his followers symbolized the harmony of the sacred union of heaven and earth. It was a symbol of the goddess of health Hygieia and served as a sign of the five human feelings. For the Pythagoreans, such a star was a symbol of mathematical perfection, since it hides in itself golden ratio(φ ≈ 1.618).

In 300-150 years. BC e. The pentagram was the emblem of Jerusalem.

Seal of the city of Jerusalem - 300 to 150 BC

The early Christians used the five-pointed star as a reminder of the five wounds of Jesus, inscribed in a circle symbolizing the beginning and the end in Christ.

Under various names (the Star of the Microcosm, the star of the magicians, the pentacle of Will), the drawing of Agrippa Nettesheim is widely known, representing the figure of a man, with outstretched limbs, inscribed in a five-pointed star. This image is considered as an image of a holistic personality (Man-Microcosm), whose spirit and will dominate over materiality. four elements and own passions (limbs).

In his desire to embrace the whole world (quadrangle) and, thanks to the knowledge of the laws governing it, such a person strives to go beyond its limits (upper ray) to a new happy being.

The inverted pentagram represents the figure of a man turned head down - a symbol of the will conquered by passions or a passive person who allows evil spirits to subjugate his will

The pentagram is present on one side of the seal (and/or amulet) of Emperor Constantine; on the other - the Constantine Cross is depicted

The center of the Order of the Templars (Rennes du Chartres, France) is surrounded by several miles of mountain peaks that form an almost regular pentagon. In the monuments that have survived from the Order, traces of the use of the pentagram as a symbol/matrix of the golden section are found.

Eliphas Levi wrote: "The flaming (flaming) star" as a symbol of initiation has been known since 1735. This sign is received by a Mason, having reached the degree of Apprentice. It symbolizes a person who has reached Illumination (quintessence, the release of the essence of the Self) as a result of painstaking work on oneself, as well as a thought free (purified) from all prejudices and superstitions. Usually such a star carries the image of the letter “G” in its center, and flames or beams of rays radiate from its corners. This radiance “reminds us of the sun, which illuminates the earth with its rays and allows its blessings to become human race giving light and life to all on earth. The letter is interpreted in various ways, referring to the concepts of knowledge and teaching - Greek. gnosis; geometry, God gott; glory - fr. la gloire; etc. “The pentagram, which in Gnostic schools is called a fiery star, is a sign of omnipotence and spiritual self-control ... The letter G, which free masons inscribe in the center of a fiery star, recalls two sacred words of ancient Kabbalah: “gnosis” and “generation”. The pentagram also means "great architect" - because no matter from which side we look at it, we see a large letter A.

I have repeatedly told you to my readers that even the most strong mage cannot get by with special assistants in his work. Magical accessories sometimes play the most important role in the performance of a particular ritual.

The Black Pentagram of the Devil is a magical accessory that must be treated with respect and thrift.

Each dark magician has his own special symbols or things that help him in doing his work. Their peculiarity is that their energy is initially associated with the energy of the owner. The "owner" of such accessories treats them with respect and care. But besides special assistants, people like me also have a common "friend" - the Black Pentagram.

What is the Black Pentagram and what is the peculiarity of this symbol

The Black Pentagram is a star with five ends, this symbol is depicted in an inverted position. Triangles of equal width and height are depicted on the sides of the pentagon.

This outline has five-ray symmetry, scientists note that such symmetry can only be found in living organisms, it does not exist in inanimate nature. That is, it follows from this that the pentagram of the devil in its form embodies one of the differences between the living and the inanimate.

The mark of the Devilish kind is:

the correct arrangement of lines and geometric shapes;
combination of symbols of power;
a figure with completed (closed) spheres.

Creation and history of the symbol

It is not for nothing that this figure is considered the most powerful accessory in Black Magic. This is not just a symbol, such a star keeps a lot of things in its history, it carries the history and wisdom of centuries. In ancient times, this sign was used in Egypt, Rome, Greece.

The sign of Satan is found in very ancient archaeological sites, people of different nations applied it to the body, dishes, personal belongings, painted on the surface. They believed that they could protect themselves from dark forces and ill-wishers in this way, but in fact, by applying such a pattern, the inhabitants, having an already large supply of sins, became one step closer to the dark side of the world.

The symbol is known to the population in all corners of the Earth, people were afraid of this image and gave the sign special meaning and power. In Mesopotamia, the Black Pentagram was considered a symbol that could try on a person with his role in this world, applying such a pattern to the body next to the images of amulets, our ancestors tried to connect two different worlds.

The Black Pentagram is a symbol that is known to the population in all corners of the planet.

Modern experts have studied the centuries-old history of the sign and attributed it to the field of pop cultural science. Occultists also divide the Black Pentagram into two types: creative and destructive. The difference is that one view is depicted counterclockwise, and the other vice versa.

But I'll tell you that it's not so important, clockwise against the clock, it's all vanity of vanities. It is the magician who will put the basis of strength into this drawing, and the strength of the pentagram, its action and its effectiveness in rituals will directly depend on the strength with which it was created and for what purpose.

When and where was this symbolism used?

Since ancient times, the history of mankind has been looking for an explanation for the appearance of such a sign of the Dark Force:

There is one legend that says that this symbol belonged to a goddess named Kore. The figure carried a great value, because it contained the meaning of the creation of the world. Satan planted it on Eve using an apple. There is some truth in this legend, when we cut an apple into two parts, then inside you can see a core similar to a pentagram.

Once upon a time, the scientist Pythagoras spiritualized the pentagram and found in it the ideal of mathematical perfection. The mathematician made it a secret symbol of his school, thanks to this sign the Pythagoreans saw the differences between their own and strangers.

Symbolically, the sign of Satan was represented in the form of a goat's head, a beard is depicted in the lower corner of the star, and identical horns are depicted in the upper two.

You can argue for a long time where truth ends and creation begins. human mind poisoned by fear, but the fact remains: not a single historian has said exactly by whom and when the Black Pentagram was created, and who brought this Sign to the human world.

Facts and fiction related to the Black Pentagram

Myth one

The main meaning of the presented symbol lies in the excellency and its supreme power in Black Magic over the existing four elements - air, fire, earth and water. This pentagram was used in almost all magical and ritual rites.

As it really is

But once again I repeat, the sign carries only the charge given to it by the magician. You should not think that the teenagers were scratching the walls with the image of the Star of the Devil and the whole room acquired magical power. This is not so, a drawing without a corresponding charge is just a drawing and nothing more.

Myth two

Most of the magicians believe that in order to correctly draw the star of the devil, it is necessary to use blood from one's own veins in drawing. The whole ritual is performed only at night, when there is no moonlight on the person.

Myth two - the Black Pentagram is drawn with one's own blood and only at night

As it really is

This is also complete nonsense. First, blood is a sacrifice, and it is not worth giving your blood. There are certain rules of sacrifice, where the blood of an animal becomes a magical accessory after a certain ritual. The light of the moon is also not a condition, remember that the darkest deeds are most often done in the light of the sun.

Myth three

The literature and additional sources say that if you decide to invoke Satan or other mystical spirits, then depict the pentagram on the ground or directly on the floor.

During the entire ceremony, it is forbidden to go beyond the circles of the star and go beyond it. This may also be due to the fact that the pentagram protects the magician in the process of performing the ritual and protects from other evil spirits.

As it really is

This is also heresy and superstition. The devil and his minions are not so weak that they could interfere with the pentagram. Plus, you should not disregard the fact that this is still a sign of dark power and, by no means, can it be a protection from darkness.

Myth four

In the event that you decide to invoke the spirit, then you should prepare for such a ceremony long before the start and study the pentagram completely. You will need some black lard candles, get a small branch of hazel for your own protection, and you need charcoal to represent Satan.

As it really is

When performing the ceremony, one of the important conditions is precisely the strength of the drawing itself. A crooked pentagram, or one with crooked lines, is said to be wrongly made, and it is said that this may harm the magician. But in fact, the magic star is usually drawn with simple charcoal, pencil, paint, etc.

The whole ceremony must be carried out only if you have certain knowledge and skills to work with dark force. That is, you should have at least the slightest idea about this, because it is quite easy to invoke evil, but sending it back later and not harming yourself or others is extremely difficult, and for a beginner it is generally unrealistic.

Myth five

The pentagram represents the symbol of the Devil himself. It denotes the predominance of all material assets for man over the spiritual. You should not joke with black magic, because its power is great and improper rituals or ignorance of important components will cause significant trouble for the magician.

As it really is

Devil Star is general definition all that dark that exists next to us. When drawing the Black Pentagram, the magician does not always refer to the Devil himself, it can be an appeal to demons or spirits.

Very often people use this ritual (the creation of the Black Pentagram) for their own amulet if their work is associated with danger and risk to life. Satanists create a personal symbol. In order to subdue the dark spirits and have supreme power over them.

There is another way to depict a pentagram, it is imagined in the air or mentally drawn. But this will be possible for people who have very strong thinking and a developed imagination.

Among other things, the ability to tune in to the correct energy flows will also play an important role here. Just like that, drawing a pentagram and charging it with the right energy mentally will not work, both preparation and the strength of the magician are important here.

Types of pentagrams

There are three main types of pentagrams, they are divided into those that are able to protect the magician, there are personal symbols and those that depict nine planets.

Personal pentagrams are classified as occult science and numerology.
A person can compose them only with his own strength and thoughts. Indeed, when drawing up, it is necessary to take into account many personal factors that will carry the sacred meaning of your pentagram.
Personal symbols are the most strong signs, because a close connection is established between the sign and the energy of a person, his essence.

Some sources say that such signs are symbols of white magic, they are aimed at fulfilling the desires of the owner, bringing them to life. But I would not believe this, the black pentagram cannot be part of a white, light ritual. This is against the laws of magic. To think in such a way that you can clear your conscience by referring the Devil's Sign to the bright side is stupid and dangerous.

Most often the Black Pentagram is made of iron.

The main purpose of such signs is to successfully conduct business in business, serve as a talisman for a person during a long trip and bring good luck. But this will work only if a person is able to clear the mind of all the husks dividing the world into good and evil.

What type of Pentagram do Dark Magicians use?

The third type of pentagrams is considered a sign symbolizing evil and destruction. It is represented by an inverted five-pointed star. But such a symbol also needs special conspiracies or rituals. If the owner has no idea about black magic and is not able to annul the rite or other action, then the consequences will be negative and will negatively affect the life of the magician.

The Black Pentagram is a special weapon in the world of magic.

Such power is not to be trifled with unless you are ready to accept the conditions of this world. Remember, you cannot serve two Gods at the same time. You can deceive yourself, but the original Force must be respected and the rules of the game must be accepted without trying to change them.

Almost everyone has heard of such a symbol as a pentagram, the significance of which in the art of magic cannot be exaggerated. In films and TV shows on the occult theme, comics, books and other indispensable companions of the life of a modern person, this symbol is ubiquitous. Learn more about what a pentagram is, where it came from and what it is used for.

In the article:

Pentagram - the meaning of the sacred symbol

Initially, and up to the present day, the five-pointed star had the meaning of a talisman and a symbol designed not to let evil into the house, to protect residents from bad thoughts and other people's negative energy. Or, on the contrary, do not let the evil out. To protect the dwelling in ancient times, the pentagram was applied to the doors, thresholds and bearing supports of the house to give them strength and durability.

The Occult Philosophy of Agrippa

The pentagram should be created very carefully - from left to right, in no case allowing interrupted or trembling lines. The slightest gap destroyed the entire protective power of the symbol and allowed the evil that found a loophole to fall upon the one who made a mistake with a vengeance. So, it happened to the infamous Faust in the poem of the same name by the famous classic writer Goethe.

In addition, in his titanic work "Secret Philosophy" or "Occult Philosophy", Agrippa Nettesheim described the pentagram as the embodiment of the personality of a whole and holistic person. According to this medieval scholar, the four rays of the star symbolized the four elements and corresponded to human limbs - legs and arms. The fifth limb, the head, coincided with the fifth ray, which is a symbol of the spirit that controls all the elements. This interpretation later brought Agrippa the glory of a warlock and sorcerer.

The modern dual view - with a beam (top) up or a beam (top) down, the pentagram began to have only closer to the twentieth century. The well-known mystic and occultist Eliphas Levi, who was extremely fond of Agrippa's Occult Philosophy, made a lot of efforts so that the pentagram began to have a clear division into an instrument of white magic and a means of black magic. The symbol with the top up is the purity of the spirit that rules over the world, and the top down is a sign of a perverted human nature and freedom of the darkest passions.

Of course, for the layman, this symbol remains a symbol of Satanism and rockers. But the pentagram, whose meaning has changed over the centuries, is more than just a sign of the devil-worshipping church. In different eras, under different rulers, religions and states, its meaning was either positive or negative. However, magicians and witches, as well as other occult practices, astrologers and esotericists have always been closely associated with a five-pointed star inscribed in a circle.

What does the pentagram mean now and what did it mean for our ancestors

As mentioned above, in modern times this symbol has spread everywhere and is mainly tied to Satanism, summoning demons, occult practices and all the other negative things associated with magic. The history of the pentagram is tightly intertwined with the history of Christianity - Catholic priests declared the pentagram to be a diabolical symbol necessary for.

During the revelry of the Inquisition, they began to call her the "foot of the witch" and the gift of the devil. Since then and to this day, there is an opinion among the inhabitants that only servants of the forces of darkness wear clothes and jewelry with similar signs. After the sixties of the last century, the sex revolution, the birth of rock culture, the pentagram is no longer such a stigmatized symbol, but in mass consciousness is still an attribute of informals and renegades.

Reproduction of the first metropolis of Uruk, which existed in the 3rd millennium BC. e. in the Southern Mesopotamia in Iraq

The first images of a five-pointed star date back to three thousand five hundred BC. Tablets with symbols carved into clay were discovered by archaeologists in the ruins of the ancient city of Uruk. It is believed that the pentagram was a symbol of Venus and meant its movement along the celestial trajectory. In addition, the sign was associated with two stars - Phosphorus and Eosphorus, Morning and Evening. It is worth noting that Lucifer, also known as Dennitsa, was originally called the Morning Star - probably for such a connection with Satan, the pentagram was declared by the churchmen to be the devil's seal. What the pentagram of light forces means is no longer quite important.

IN Ancient Egypt this symbol was associated with the dog-headed Anubis, the god of the dead. For the Egyptian dead, the pentagram means the stars that do not shine in the underworld. Sometimes she was depicted on statues of pharaohs and on the ceiling of the tomb.

In Babylonia, the five-pointed star was the symbol of the sun god Shamash.

The pentagram was most widely known in Babylon as an amulet and talisman, protection from evil. It was drawn not only on residential buildings, as we have already said, but also in stores and warehouses to protect goods from pests and thieves. In addition, the pentagram was used as a symbol of royal power, which extended to all corners of the world. Therefore, the pentagram was often used in seals. According to a slightly different interpretation, the early Sumerian pentagrams are tied to the goddess of fertility and love Ishtar, as well as the Sumerian underworld called Duat.

The Greek followers of the scientist Pythagoras, the so-called Pythagoreans, believed that the world consists of five elements - fire, water, air, earth and ether as a connecting element. We have already spoken of Agrippa, the medieval author who laid the foundation modern understanding occultism and its symbols. So, according to him, the Pythagorean pentagram served as an ideal reflection of their doctrine, was the hallmark of this closed society that grew up on the basis of the Pythagorean school.

The Jews, on the other hand, associated the pentagram with sacred texts, the so-called Pentateuch. It was received by the prophet Moses as a gift from God. Alexander the Great, who conquered half the world, followed the example of the ancient kings. He used it as his seal. This occult sign and the famous Order of the Knights Templar did not ignore this. Emperor of Rome Constantine the Great who made Christianity state religion. And even one of the knights of the Round Table from the legend of King Arthur used this sign. Arthur's nephew, Sir Gawain, wore a golden pentagram on his shield, painted red, as a display of the knight's chief virtues, at the end of each pinnacle. These virtues are nobility, courtesy, chastity, courage and their crown - piety.

Emblem of the five wounds of the crucified Christ

The pentagram in Christianity, before acquiring the meaning of a witch attribute, was a symbol of the Passion of Christ, since Jesus was crucified with a crown of thorns on his head, as well as with nails in his hands and feet. Ironically, some apostates from church dogmas and followers of Greek teachings considered it a symbol of the omnipotent intellect. In addition, in the early Christian teachings, what the pentagram means was the previously mentioned torment of Christ, and unity with God as a perfect being.

According to some assumptions, Arab magicians used a pentagram called the "seal of Solomon." Under this guise, the European occult practices of medieval Europe learned about its existence from Arabic grimoires brought by travelers from the East. It should be noted that the seal of Solomon is understood simultaneously as a pentagram and a similar symbol - a hexagram, most often associated with Chinese tradition of magic.

The five-pointed star acquires modern features in the Renaissance with the help of the works of various mystical researchers. So, for example, the Prague alchemist and astrologer Tycho Brahe in his book "Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum" created an image of a five-pointed star, on the tops of which he depicted the letters of the Divine name from another popular mystical teaching - Kabbalah. Thus, combining two occult traditions, he replenished the types of pentagrams with the so-called "Pentagrammaton".

Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum

Eliphas Levi, mentioned in the first subtitle, had a hand not only in the division of symbols into white and black. With his submission, the inverted pentagram became the sign of Stana and Baphomet, who appeared in the form of a black goat. He also used an ordinary star pointing upwards in the image of Baphomet, successfully contradicting himself.

At the end of the nineteenth century, the author of The Key to Black Magic, Stanislas de Guaita, published an image of a pentagram, around the circumference of which he wrote the name of the biblical monster Leviathan in Hebrew, placing Samael Lilith between the rays. Later, the founder of modern Satanism, the enterprising American LaVey, made this image (without the last inscription about Samael and Lilith) his trademark, all rights of which are protected by copyright law.

It is believed that the pentagram is a symbol of redemption, embodied in something carnal, some kind of living and thinking being. This idea lies at the root of all Abrahamic, that is, Christian religions- the expiatory sacrifice serves with its death to the cause of the continuation of the life of the next generations. Suffice it to recall the replacement of human sacrifices with large and small cattle, which symbolized people who give their lives to a deity.

Pentagram - a symbol of magic and its types

The most famous types of pentagrams can be. The figure of Solomon is undoubtedly extremely important for religious, mythological and magical history. The creation of these symbols, precisely what Solomon himself is called into question by skeptics, however, they bear his name. It is believed that from David, his father, Solomon at the beginning of his reign received a special sign - a star with six ends, which was composed of two regular triangles superimposed on each other.

Great Key of Solomon

Solomon placed this gift in his ring and seals, which gave him power over the spirits. It is believed that it was on the basis of the six-pointed Solomon star that medieval European magicians drew their five-pointed pentagrams, slightly modifying them. Perhaps this prompted the Grand Inquisitor Thomas de Torquemada to call this light symbol the "devil's pentagram" or the "witch's foot."

The nickname of the positively charged white pentagram, a five-pointed star with the top up, is "Druid's Foot". This pentagram is a symbol of white magic and is used in rituals to limit any forces influencing the outside world. Most pentagrams, which are sold as jewelry in all sorts of shops, are symbols of white magic and protection. However, when purchasing any amulet and talisman, one should be extremely careful. Magic pentagrams are not without reason divided into light and dark. And the designation of the pentagram as a symbol with many interpretations can be very different from the one for which you first took it. Before you buy a charm, you should find out what the pentagram that you like means.

In our time, the types of pentagrams are represented by three branches of magic. That is, these signs are protective, personal and with the symbols of the nine planets applied to them. Personal are closely related to . They are compiled individually, taking into account many factors. First of all - the date of birth of a person, the date of the name day and the name of the guardian angel, the sign of the horoscope, the planet and the elements, under the auspices of which the child was born.

This is perhaps the most powerful of the pentagrams, since it establishes a close energy connection between the human aura, the guardian angel and heavenly patron. Pentagrams with symbols of the planets are aimed primarily at the fulfillment of any desire, its realization. They are compiled purely individually, taking into account all the characteristics that rarely coincide even in the most similar people. Such signs become tools of white magic.

The most ancient of all may be the pentagrams of protection, which are rooted in the very creation of amulets. They were made by our distant ancestors from bone, iron and other materials. A protective pentagram is an assistant in a specific situation, during a long journey or good luck in business, or recovery from a serious illness. White magicians claim that special rituals are necessary to awaken the protective properties of the amulet.

The symbol of evil and destruction - the five-pointed inverted star, on the contrary, does not need additional motives, conspiracies and energizing. Negative events and negative emotions charge it with power, if the owner does not have special knowledge to use or cancel such energy. In any case, the use of black magic one way or another leads to bad consequences, which then become extremely difficult to correct.

Being a symbol with a thousand-year history, created at the dawn of civilization in ancient Mesopotamia, the pentagram to this day remains an extremely popular amulet, talisman, trade brand, used with enviable frequency. It is almost impossible to unravel the semantic layers accumulated over the centuries. Because of the troubled periods in the history of mankind, centuries of persecution and, at times, diametrically opposed interpretations of the positions of prominent figures in the occult, everything is mixed up. However, the pentagram carried its original protective meaning through the millennia and remains a talisman of great power to this day.

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The Pentacle of Lucifer is an ancient and powerful symbol that has long settled in many esoteric practices. It is used as the basis for many spells and not only negative ones. Everyone, beginner or specialist, needs to know its meaning.

In the article:

Pentacle of Lucifer - magical symbol

The name of Lucifer in modern realities is associated exclusively with negativity. rebelled against the All-Father. Many evil deeds are attributed to him, so you are not surprised when you hear about such a gloomy reputation for a sign. But in fact, everything is not so simple. The glory of the one in whose honor the sign is named does not say anything about what the magic formula can be used for. It is like iron, from which both a sword and a plow can be forged. The direction of thought, motives are important. The meaning of power depends on what exactly they use it for.

An interesting fact is that a pentagram in a circle is often used when practice needs to gain knowledge. Initially, Lucifer was credited not only with betrayal, but also with curiosity. A thirst for knowledge. And modern magicians have learned to use it when you need to gain understanding. Great knowledge can be obtained by using this power. Moreover, such practices do not force any sale of the soul. You don't call Satan.

In general, initially the pentagram of a star in a circle had a completely different meaning. More precisely - it was perceived differently. In an era that was even before Christianity, even before Ancient Greece, this badge was worn exclusively positive value. She was painted when protection was needed, or advice.

Pentagram - a star with five rays and its meaning

What was the meaning of this symbol many centuries ago: it was often depicted on doors, walls, windows. And even household items - such as dishes, or clothes. It was believed that it would help protect against evil forces. were afraid of this image and tried to stay away. Like evil people, however.

Where did the negative meaning of the ancient symbol come from: they began to perceive it as a threat already in the days of Christianity. Then many theologians noted the magical power of the image. But in those days, magic was considered something disgusting, contrary to God. So they decided to demonize the symbol, to completely erase the positive memory of the star pentagram. But people who take magical practice with a certain degree of seriousness remembered the original meaning of the symbol.

Moreover, even now, it is the inverted pentagram that is most often used as a symbol of evil forces. And they protect themselves from it directly, that is, the usual one. Apparently, these are echoes of old knowledge that have not yet been completely erased from the memory of some cultures. What does the star pentagram mean: there can be many interpretations. One of them is a symbol of power and might. This is how she was described in ancient Babylon and often depicted on all kinds of rings, scepters. On those things that were held in the hands of noble people.

In Mesopotamia, this sign was protective, which protected a person from the influence of evil spirits and people. A universal symbol that helped and brought good luck. In ancient Greece, it was used as a symbol of knowledge. Not as wide as the images of the owl - the symbol of Athena, but still. Sometimes he was depicted on altars. And only in the Christian era did it finally take shape in the minds of the population, as one of the signs of evil.

Why this was done: well, in addition to what has already been said, namely the reprehensible attitude towards magic, another goal was pursued. Namely, discredit pagan beliefs. In the eyes of Christians, the Greeks, Mesopotamians, Babylonians, all those who widely used this symbolism were heretics, non-Christians. And in order to strengthen their positions, to show that any religion other than theirs is harmful, they began to demonize.

Inverted pentagram - contradictory meaning of the sign

The inverted pentagram is one of the varieties of pentagrams and it is she who is most widely known to the average person. She is most often depicted on satanic altars. And it's all about what fits into it goat head- an animal that is considered dedicated to Satan. But it was not always so. Originally an inverted pentagram, its meaning was dedicated to those forces that govern human life. The four "lower" beams were responsible for fire, air, earth and water. Those elements from which all life, the entire Universe was created. And the fifth ray, the “upper”, was responsible for what breathed life into all living things. For the spiritual aspect of being. But what does the pentagram mean, a star in a circle, if it is turned upside down?

Here the opinions of practitioners are divided. Some say that this position means the following - in an inverted pentagram, the "lower" rays dominate the spiritual. That is, for a person who stands at its center, the material is higher than the spiritual. And, standing in the center, he only emphasizes this. His soul lusts only for the material and no matter what you have to do for this.

Another opinion will tell us that turning over the pentagram does not carry any functional development. After all, we already know what the pentagram in a circle means - this is protection, knowledge. Protection, as on the material plane, which symbolize the first four rays. So it is on the spiritual - the fifth ray. This means that a person, referring to such an image, and one that uses a classic symbol - both of them ask for protection. Whichever opinion they choose, the choice is yours.

Moreover, as in any other practice, a lot depends on what kind of protection you are applying for. It can be a simple request for help when your strength is running out and you need to lean on something. But maybe it's an aggressive defense when someone is threatening and you want to take them out. It could be protecting your case, and therefore - or bringing his business to naught. The pentagram will bring evil, or good - it depends only on who is going to use it.

The pentagram is a very controversial symbol, the opinion of which has varied from century to century. But still, no matter how much time has passed, we can say for sure. This image can be used for both good and bad purposes.

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Many signs that are found in modern times had a completely different meaning among ancient peoples. And the most common and ancient symbol that has survived to this day is the pentagram. Naturally, now it has acquired a completely different meaning than before, thanks to modern literature and cinema. Mysticism is attributed to her, she is even demonized, considering her a symbol of the devil.

What is a pentagram? Its meaning is ambiguous. It is a regular pentagon with isosceles triangles of equal height on each side. WITH Greek meaning Literally translated as "five lines". In other words, it is a correctly constructed geometric figure with five ray symmetries.

If you depict this sign without taking your hands off, you get the most ancient symbol discovered by historians. Over the long centuries of the existence of the pentagram, a large number of meanings were attributed to it. Even the Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations designated stars with this sign. Their outlines are sometimes found on archaeological sites that date back to the seventh millennium BC. But there is an opinion that such a symbol arose long before that.

Later, this symbol no longer denoted the stars, but the feelings of a person. In addition, the masculine and feminine principles were attributed to him, as well as three points, symbolizing harmony, health and mystical powers. The pentagram, the meaning of which is multifaceted, also expresses the victory of spirituality over materialism, symbolizes safety, protection, and assistance to travelers on the road.

The Egyptians called the pentagram the "Star of Isis" and associated it with the underground womb of Mother Earth. When studying ancient Egyptian writing, you can stumble upon a hieroglyph that is depicted in the form of this symbol. The translation of the hieroglyph is literally - “enlighten”, “train”. For the Celtic nation, this symbol was the designation of the goddess of death and war - Morgana, and it was called "The Trail of the Druid." From the excavations of ancient Greek culture, we learned that they called the pentagram “pentalf”, denoting the combination of five letters, namely alpha.

What else interesting will the pentagram tell us? The meaning of this symbol was important to the Jews, who associated it with the sacred five books received by Moses as a gift from God. Throughout history, the pentagram existed among many peoples and had completely incompatible meanings.

The pentagram has been interpreted in two ways since ancient times. There was an opinion that this symbol was the strongest protective amulet that could protect from any evil. For example, in ancient Babylon, a pentagram was depicted at the entrance to shops and warehouses. Merchants believed that its properties would protect their goods from theft and damage. There, in Babylon, some initiates believed that it symbolizes power and power over the world. Therefore, it was possible to meet her on the rings and thrones of the rulers. Modern scientists believe that for them this sign represents the power of man, which extends to the four cardinal points.

Pythagoras was the first who decided to study this symbol as geometric figure. According to the ancient scholar, this is a perfect sign. Therefore, Pythagoras made him a secret symbol of his school, which has a philosophical and mathematical direction. Thanks to this sign, the Pythagoreans could recognize each other. They appreciated its unique property, which is expressed in the fact that the symbol can be easily depicted with a single stroke of the pen, without once taking your hand off the paper and without hooking on already drawn lines.

It is believed that the Pythagoreans began to accept the pentagram as a symbol of the entire earthly world. In their teaching, it was believed that the whole world consists of five elements, namely: Fire, Water, Air, Earth and Spirit. To reflect this doctrine symbolically, they began to write five letters around the pentagram:

ύ – water;
Γ - earth;
t - idea;
έ - fire;
ά is air.

This symbolism has become part of the worship of nature, the assignment of divine properties to it. This is how the modern pentagram appeared. The meaning of the sign lies in the personification of life and its manifestation in nature. Thus, this symbol smoothly turned from a sign that protects from evil spirits and evil, into a symbol of dominion and patronage. One of the ancient legends says that it was the students of the Pythagorean school who attributed the properties of power over the world to the pentagram. They believed that each element is very important. And the corners of the symbol are the embodiment of these elements, namely:

The lower left corner of the star signifies Earth, physical endurance and stability.
The lower right corner symbolizes Fire, courage and bravery.
The upper right corner means Water, this is a manifestation of intuition and emotions.
The upper left is considered the element of Air, it is responsible for art and intelligence.
And the highest point is a symbol of the Spirit, our spiritual Self.

What else did the ancient Pythagoreans associate the pentagram (star) with? The meaning of this symbol implied the presence of five shelters of primeval chaos, placed in Tartarus during the creation of the world. It was believed that darkness was hidden in these shelters, carrying the source of wisdom and the soul of the world. To depict this truth, the figure was turned over. It is believed that it was this inverted pentagram that became the progenitor of the first diabolical sign.

For Christians in Europe, the five-pointed star has also become an important symbol. Health value copied from ancient world, remained, but the symbolic designation of the five senses, the fingers of a person, was added to it. The pentagram was also given the meaning of the five wounds of Christ. Well, and a positive meaning - the five joys of His Mother Mary, which she experienced for the perfection of her own son.

One of the main meanings of the pentagram for Christians was the human nature of Jesus. With the onset of the Renaissance, the five-pointed star took on more importance. Looking at this symbol, you can see that it resembles a man with arms and legs spread to the side, which was depicted in his drawings by Leonardo da Vinci. When atheism and humanism began to develop, the pentagram became a symbol human personality as a new supreme value of the coming era.

If we consider numerology and magic, then there are two meanings for the pentagram. The first, for an ordinary figure, is a person, the second, for an inverted one, is the Goat of Mendes. The latter carries an occult, diabolical meaning. This sign is the main symbol of Satanism, it is commonly called the sign of Baphomet. This inverted pentagram had a negative meaning, since a goat's head was inscribed in it.

This symbol has been a registered trademark since 1983. The sign of Baphomet, or the pentagram of the devil, whose meaning is negative, belongs to the world's largest satanic organization, which is officially registered and is called the Church of Satan. This pentagram is a symbol of Tartarus, Hell - the place where fallen angels are imprisoned. The sign looks like a distorted person who has no head, since there is no top on the figure. Here the physical universe is considered the lower world, it is indicated by the lower point.

In the main category of Chinese philosophy Wu-hsing also lies the pentagram. The meaning of the symbol indicates the main parameters of the universe. If we carefully study this philosophical trend, we will find out that the figure is two cycles that interact with each other:

Mutual generation. Wood produces Fire, Fire produces Earth, Earth produces Metal, Metal produces Water, and Water produces Wood.
Mutual overcoming. The tree is able to defeat the Earth, the Earth - Water, Water - Fire, Fire - Metal, Metal - Wood.

In magic, there is a positive and negative image of this sign. The five-pointed star with the main top at the top is called the "Druid's Foot" and is considered a symbol of white magic. The inverted sign is called the Goat's Hoof, or the Devil's Horns. The article presents this pentagram (photo), its meaning for black magic is also disclosed.

White magicians associate this sign with the dominance of discipline over world processes. Black magicians, in turn, consider such a symbol to be destructive, contrary to the fulfillment of spiritual tasks. It is because of this that the sign is attributed to evil.

The five-pointed star is also symbolized as a perfect man, since it reflects both his physical essence and spiritual. Thus, the ends of the star are credited with the meaning of love, wisdom, truth, kindness and justice. All of them are directly related to the soul, intellect, spirit, heart and will, respectively. It is worth noting that the pentagram was also used at the court of King Arthur. The knights who wore this symbol gave the star its own meaning, namely: each facet of the symbol meant nobility, chastity, politeness, courage and piety. It was because of these properties that the sign was used by the secret order of the Templars.

There is also a double pentagram, where a person is inscribed in it in accordance with his harmony with the elements and ether, namely: the will is combined with earth, the heart with water, the intellect with air, the soul with fire, and the spirit with ether.

This symbol indicates that a person lives in the Universe, harmoniously fitting into it and fulfilling his destiny. The symbol of the double pentagram is still used in charms and amulets throughout the world. It helps the owner to find harmony with himself and those around him, to know his path and follow it without losing his way.

Despite the fact that this symbol has been around for many centuries, it is still used today. modern people. The most common use of the pentagram in modern times has been the creation of protective amulets and amulets. Moreover, the duality of this symbol has remained to this day. Thus, in the market you can buy a symbol of evil and destruction - an inverted star.

The pentagram in the circle has a positive meaning - light protective amulet. It is believed that he is able to create a shield on the mental and astral levels and protect a person from the influence of lower beings living beyond the material world. If you are looking for protection, then the “star in a circle” pentagram will suit you. Its meaning is the protection of the owner. This is exactly what modern man needs. In addition, such a sign protects against negative impacts from other people and is able to repel any energy attack.

So, we have considered almost all types of pentagrams and their meaning. From this we can conclude that such a symbol is the most ancient and combines a lot of knowledge and beliefs.

The symbol of a five-pointed star enclosed in a circle has been known to man since ancient times. Over the years, several variants of the inscription of this symbol have appeared, each of which enhances one or another side of the amulet, and can even turn it from a light into an evil, dark sign. It is because of the latter option that all types of pentagrams are mistakenly associated with the devil and the underworld. This is a fundamentally wrong judgment, because in most cases the pentagram is one of the most powerful accessories in the hands of a magician. The amulet in the form of a five-pointed star carries the wisdom of the ages and an extraordinary protective power. People different peoples Since ancient times, it has been applied to the body, dishes, personal items, as they believed that in this way they would be able to protect themselves from dark forces and ill-wishers.

1 Straight pentagram

Or a Pythagorean star. According to the teachings of the philosopher, each ray symbolizes one of the five elements: water, earth, fire, air - side rays, ether - upper. The drawn pentagram was a secret sign by which the followers of Pythagoras recognized each other. Once the scientist Pythagoras spiritualized this sign and found in it the ideal of mathematical perfection.

It is this image that can be seen most often: in literary works, films, it is used as a symbol that restrains evil, protecting a person from Satan. It is believed that the devil cannot step over the circle encircling such a star: he remains locked inside or is unable to enter inside, being outside the circle.

Since ancient times, such a pentagram symbolized the preservation of health, symbolized the human principle, and was a talisman against evil forces. Later it acquired the meaning of power, strength and courage, the source of wisdom. Now such a pentagram is most often used as protection during various magical rituals.

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2 Celtic

A five-pointed star, 4 rays of which are located on the sides, and one is directed upwards. Enclosed in a double circle with inscribed Celtic runes inside it. It is a symbol of white magic, a talisman against evil spirits. Such a pentagram symbolizes the victory of the spiritual over the material, is a talisman of protection and security. Provides protection from demons and evil spirits.

A pendant or amulet in the form of a Celtic pentagram is often called a pentacle and is used not only as a talisman, but also in various magical rituals.

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3 Pentagram of Solomon

The creator of this symbol - the great king Solomon - is mentioned in the Bible. According to the scriptures, God himself appointed Solomon to reign, endowing him with a mass of talents. This king, in an incomprehensible way, managed to unite two ancient warring states - Israel and Judea. Solomon received from his father David special sign- a six-pointed star, composed of two regular triangles superimposed on each other. Solomon placed this star on his seals and ring, which, according to legend, gave him power over spirits.

Now this symbol, called the "seal of Solomon", is widely used in the occult and has a variety of possibilities, depending on the shape of the pentagram. So, the pentacle enhances talents and opportunities, affects luck in life, doing business, business. It, like the previous types of pentagrams, is used as a talisman against evil spirits, and also serves to improve health and ensure the longevity of the wearer of the amulet.

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4 Inverted

Another occult symbol. But unlike the previous pentacles, this one is truly dark. It was he who brought the glory of the "devil's sign" to the pentagrams. It can often be seen with Satanists in the form of various decorations. It looks like an inverted five-pointed star, with two vertices pointing to the sides and one pointing down. A star may or may not be enclosed in a circle. Such a pentacle is a schematic representation of a goat: the lateral rays of an inverted star symbolize the horns and ears of the animal, and the lower ray symbolizes a beard.

The inverted pentagram personifies destruction, is a symbol of the underworld, the place where the devil lives and where evil spirits originate. It symbolizes sinfulness, vulgarity of carnal pleasures. The fifth peak, pointing down, and not up, like the white pentacles, symbolizes the rejection of spirituality, faith in light. The elements of the pentacle do not contain spiritual power, they characterize chaos and destruction.

5 Sign of Agrippa

It can be recognized by the person depicted within the circle. His arms and legs are spread apart, parallel to the four lateral rays of the five-pointed star. As in the direct Pythagorean pentagram, each ray of the star identifies one of the five elements. So, for the pentagram of Agrippa, the upper side rays - hands - are symbols of air and fire, and the lower side rays - legs - of earth and water. Head - uniting all members, the power of the ether.

This pentagram got its name from the great alchemist who described it - Cornelius Agrippa. He inscribed a human body in the pentacle, thus obtaining an image of the so-called microcosm - a sign of spiritual work on the material plane.

Now such a pentagram is often used by magicians to influence a person: his health, well-being and even willpower.

IN Everyday life it can be worn as a male talisman. It is important that the metal of the amulet is in contact with the skin when worn. Then it protects the owner as much as possible from unclean spirits, spells, superstitions and bad predictions. It is believed that the amulet contributes to the all-round development of the wearer, brings him to the line of superhuman abilities.

But no matter which pentacle a person chooses to protect or conduct magical rituals, the pentagram will not be able to reach its full potential without the use of the correct runes. In order for the amulet pentacles to work as they should, the symbols on them must be carefully compared according to the following parameters:

own name;
Date of Birth;
names of guardian angels;
signs of the planets under which I was lucky to be born.

A pentagram made specifically for a specific person will have much greater power than a standard pentagram, devoid of the necessary protective runes.

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Initially, and up to the present day, the five-pointed star had the meaning of a talisman and protection from evil forces, a symbol designed not to let evil into the house, to protect residents from bad thoughts and other people's negative energy. Or, on the contrary, do not let the evil out. To protect the dwelling in ancient times, the pentagram was applied to the doors, thresholds and bearing supports of the house to give them strength and durability.

The Occult Philosophy of Agrippa

The pentagram should be created very carefully - from left to right, in no case allowing interrupted or trembling lines. The slightest gap destroyed the entire protective power of the symbol and allowed the evil that found a loophole to fall upon the one who made a mistake with a vengeance. So it happened with the infamous Faust in the poem of the same name by the famous classic writer Goethe.

The modern dual view - with a beam (top) up or a beam (top) down, the pentagram began to have only closer to the twentieth century. The well-known mystic and occultist Eliphas Levi, who was extremely fond of Agrippa's Occult Philosophy, made a lot of efforts so that the pentagram began to have a clear division into an instrument of white magic and a means of black magic. The symbol with the top up is the purity of the spirit that rules over the world, and the top down is a sign of perverted human nature and freedom of the darkest passions.

Of course, for the layman, this symbol remains a symbol of Satanism and rockers. But the pentagram, whose meaning has changed over the centuries, is more than just a sign of the devil-worshipping church. In different eras, under different rulers, religions and states, its meaning was either positive or negative. Nevertheless, magicians and witches, as well as other occult practices, astrologers and esotericists have always been closely associated with a five-pointed star inscribed in a circle.

As mentioned above, in modern times this symbol has spread everywhere and is mainly tied to Satanism, summoning demons, occult practices and all other negative things associated with magic. The history of the pentagram is tightly intertwined with the history of Christianity - Catholic priests declared the pentagram to be a diabolical symbol necessary to summon demons.

During the revelry of the Inquisition, they began to call her the "foot of the witch" and the gift of the devil. Since then and to this day, there is an opinion among the inhabitants that only servants of the forces of darkness wear clothes and jewelry with similar signs. After the sixties of the last century, the sex revolution, the birth of rock culture, the pentagram is no longer such a stigmatized symbol, but in the mass consciousness it is still an attribute of informals and renegades.

Reproduction of the first metropolis of Uruk, which existed in the 3rd millennium BC. e. in the Southern Mesopotamia in Iraq

In ancient Egypt, this symbol was associated with the dog-headed Anubis, the god of the dead. What does the pentagram mean for the Egyptian dead? Stars that do not shine in the underworld. Sometimes she was depicted on statues of pharaohs and on the ceiling of the tomb.

In Babylonia, the five-pointed star was the symbol of the sun god Shamash.

The pentagram was most widely known in Babylon as an amulet and talisman, protection from evil. It was drawn not only on residential buildings, as we have already said, but also in stores and warehouses to protect goods from pests and thieves. In addition, the pentagram was used as a designation of royal power, which extended to all corners of the world. Therefore, the pentagram was often used in seals. According to a slightly different interpretation, the early Sumerian pentagrams are tied to the goddess of fertility and love Ishtar, as well as the Sumerian underworld called Duat.

The Greek followers of the scientist Pythagoras, the so-called Pythagoreans, believed that the world consists of five elements - fire, water, air, earth and ether as a connecting element. We have already spoken of Agrippa, the medieval author who laid the foundation for the modern understanding of the occult and its symbols. So, according to him, the Pythagorean pentagram served as an ideal reflection of their doctrine, and was also the hallmark of this closed society that grew up on the basis of the Pythagorean school.

The Jews, on the other hand, associated the pentagram with sacred texts, the so-called Pentateuch. It was received by the prophet Moses as a gift from God. Alexander the Great, who conquered half the world, followed the example of the ancient kings. He used it as his seal. Also, this occult sign and the famous Order of the Templars did not ignore. And the emperor of Rome, Constantine the Great, who made Christianity the state religion. And even one of the knights of the Round Table from the legend of King Arthur used this sign. Arthur's nephew, Sir Gawain, wore a golden pentagram on his shield, painted red, as a display of the knight's chief virtues, at the end of each pinnacle. These virtues are nobility, courtesy, chastity, courage and their crown - piety.

Emblem of the five wounds of the crucified Christ

The pentagram in Christianity, before acquiring the meaning of a witch attribute, was a symbol of the Passion of Christ, since Jesus was crucified with a crown of thorns on his head, as well as with nails in his hands and feet. Ironically, in addition to this, individual apostates from church dogmas and followers of Greek teachings considered it a symbol of the omnipotent intellect. In addition, in the early Christian teachings, what the pentagram means was the previously mentioned torment of Christ, and unity with God as a perfect being.

Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum

Eliphas Levi, mentioned in the first subtitle, had a hand not only in the division of symbols into white and black. In addition, with his submission, the inverted pentagram became the sign of Stana and Baphomet, who appears in the form of a black goat. At the same time, he used in the image of Baphomet and an ordinary star with the top up, successfully contradicting himself.

It is also believed that the pentagram is a kind of symbol of redemption, embodied in something carnal, some kind of living and thinking being. This idea lies at the root of all Abrahamic, that is, Christian religions - the atoning sacrifice serves with its death to continue the life of the next generations. Suffice it to recall the replacement of human sacrifices with large and small cattle, which symbolized people who give their lives to a deity.

The most famous types of pentagrams are the Greater Key of Solomon and the Lesser Key of Solomon. The figure of Solomon is undoubtedly extremely important for religious, mythological and magical history. The creation of these symbols is precisely what Solomon himself is questioned by skeptics, but they bear his name. It is believed that from David, his father, Solomon at the beginning of his reign received a special sign - a star with six ends, which was composed of two regular triangles superimposed on each other.

Great Key of Solomon

Solomon placed this gift in his ring and seals, which gave him power over the spirits. It is believed that it was on the basis of the six-pointed Solomon star that medieval European magicians drew their five-pointed pentagrams, slightly modifying them. Perhaps this is what prompted the Grand Inquisitor Thomas de Torquemada to call this light symbol the "devil's pentagram" or the "witch's foot."

In our time, the types of pentagrams are represented by three branches of magic. That is, these signs are protective, personal and with the symbols of the nine planets applied to them. Personal is closely connected with the occult science of numerology. They are compiled individually, taking into account many factors. First of all - the date of birth of a person, the date of the name day and the name of the guardian angel, the sign of the horoscope, the planet and the elements, under the auspices of which the child was born.

This is perhaps the most powerful of the pentagrams, since it establishes a close energy connection between the human aura, the guardian angel and the heavenly patron. Pentagrams with symbols of the planets are aimed primarily at the fulfillment of any desire, its realization. They are also compiled purely individually, taking into account all the characteristics that rarely coincide even in the most similar people. Such signs are the tools of white magic.

The most ancient of all are the pentagrams of protection, which are rooted in the very creation of amulets. They were made by our distant ancestors from bone, iron and other materials. A protective pentagram is an assistant in a specific situation, during a long journey or good luck in business, or recovery from a serious illness. White magicians claim that special rituals are necessary to awaken the protective properties of the amulet.

The symbol of evil and destruction - the five-pointed inverted star, on the contrary, does not need additional motives, conspiracies and energizing. Negative events and negative emotions charge it with power, if the owner does not have special knowledge to use or cancel such energy. In any case, the use of black magic somehow leads to bad consequences, which then become extremely difficult to correct.

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The harmony of the magical amulet with your biofield depends on several parameters: individual characteristics and desired goals. Do not forget about the difference between an amulet, a talisman and a talisman. The amulet is always made personally, the talisman and amulet can be purchased. In addition, the talisman - attracts positive energy, and the amulet - protects from negative.

Pentagram(pentalpha, pentageron; Greek πεντάγραμμον from πέντε “five” + γράμμα “line, line”) - a figure obtained by connecting the vertices of a regular pentagon through one; the figure formed by the sum of all the diagonals of a regular pentagon.

Pentagram- a regular pentagon, the sides of which are extended to the points of intersection, and form isosceles triangles on its faces, that is, the stellate shape of a regular pentagon.

Story

The first known images of the pentagram date back to around 3500 BC. e., these are five-pointed stars painted on clay, found in the ruins of the ancient city of Uruk. It symbolized the trajectory of the planet Venus, Morning and Evening (see also Phosphorus and Eosphorus, Lucifer).

Images of pentagrams are also found on Egyptian statues. In Dr. Egypt symbolized the stars. According to Arthur Waite in his New Encyclopedia of Freemasonry, the Egyptians called the pentagram "the star of the dog-headed Anubis."

The pentagram was widely known as a sign protecting from all evil; faith in its protective properties was so deep that in ancient Babylon it was depicted on the doors of shops and warehouses to protect goods from damage and theft. It was also for the initiates a powerful sign of power. In the same Babylon, this sign is often found on royal seals, and, according to modern scholars, it personified "the power of the ruler, which extended to all four cardinal points." According to another version, the most ancient designations of the pentagram symbolized the goddess Ishtar and the underworld Duat.

The ancient Greeks called the pentagram Pentalph, which means "five letters of alpha", since the symbol can be decomposed into alpha five times.

The pentagram is found on the seals of Alexander the Great.

The pentagram, according to Agrippa (XV century), was used by the Pythagoreans as a distinctive sign of belonging to their community. They taught that the world is composed of five interconnected elements (Fire, Water, Air, Earth and Ether). To reflect this doctrine, five letters were depicted around the pentagram:

ύ - ύδωρ (water) (uppermost), symbolizing water;
Γ - Γαια (earth) (upper left), symbolizing the earth;
ί - ίδέα (lower right), symbolizing the idea, or spirit according to another version - ίερόν (temple);
έ - έιλή (upper right corner), symbolizing fire;
ά - άήρ (lower left corner), symbolizing air.

The pentagram is also found on the talismans of the Gnostics, as a symbol of intellectual omnipotence.

According to the well-known Kabbalah researcher Gershom Scholem, the magicians of medieval Europe learned about the pentagram under the name "seal of King Solomon" from Arabic manuscripts.

In Arabic magic, the "seal of Solomon" was widely used, but initially it, enclosed in a circle, was relatively rare. Even then,

hexagram

and the pentagram were interchangeable, and the name applied to both figures.

- Gershom Sholem, . .

The pentagram was also among the symbols of the Templars.

The Roman emperor Constantine the Great included the pentagram in his seal and his amulet, because he considered that thanks to it he found the true faith and converted to Christianity.

The pentagram appears in the 14th century poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. In it, the knight Sir Gawain, nephew of King Arthur, used the pentagram as a personal symbol, depicting it on his shield in gold on a red background. The five sharp ends of the star symbolized the five knightly virtues - "nobility, politeness, chastity, courage and piety."

In medieval Western Christianity, the pentagram was a reminder of the five wounds of Christ: from the crown of thorns on the forehead, to the nails in the hands and feet. During the Inquisition, the pentagram acquired negative connotations, it began to be called the "Witch's Foot" (Eng. Witch's Foot, German Drudenfuß).

In the 16th century, during the Renaissance, another symbolism of the pentagram was adopted. If you enter a human figure into it, linking it with the five elements - the four elements: Fire, Water, Air, Earth, and Spirit or Ether, you will get an image of a microcosm, a sign of occult "spiritual work" on the "material plane". For the first time, the famous magician Cornelius Agrippa wrote about this in 1531 in the second book of his "Occult Philosophy" (after his name, the pentagram of the microcosm is sometimes called the "pentacle of Agrippa").

The astrologer Tycho Brahe went further, in his work "Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum" in 1582, he published an image of a pentagram, on the rays of which were depicted the letters of the Kabbalistic Divine name of the Savior IHShVH ( יהשוה - Pentagrammaton), where ש - is interpreted as a symbol of the Divine presence, spiritualizing the four material elements, symbolized by the name יהוה.

The use of the pentagram as a protective symbol against evil spirits was recorded at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries in the tragedy Faust by Goethe. According to the plot of the work, the devil Mephistopheles entered the dwelling of the scientist Faust, making his way past a poorly drawn pentagram at the entrance:

Mephistopheles: No, it's hard for me to get out now. There is something that disturbs me a little: a magical sign at your doorstep.

Faust: Isn't the pentagram to blame? But how, devil, did you sneak after me? In what way did you get into a mess?

Mephistopheles: You deigned to draw it badly, and the gap in the corner remained. There, at the door, and I could freely jump up.

In the 19th century, the pentagram appeared on Tarot cards after they became associated with Kabbalah.

In the first centuries of Christianity, the inverted pentagram was interpreted as a symbol of Christ. An inverted pentagram is on the seal of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Roman Emperor Constantine I the Great, who made Christianity the state religion.

In 1405, the icon painter Andrei Rublev depicted Christ against the background of an inverted pentagram on the icon of the Transfiguration of the Lord.

The inverted pentagram is depicted on such highest state awards as the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR and the US Medal of Honor.

With the filing of Eliphas Levi, the inverted pentagram became a symbol of Satan and Satanism.

We proceed to the explanation and dedication of the Mysterious Pentagram. So let all the indifferent and superstitious close the book; they will see nothing but darkness, or they will be outraged. The pentagram, which in the Gnostic schools is called the Flaming Star, is a sign of intellectual omnipotence and autocracy. This is the Star of the Magi; it is the sign of the Word that made the flesh, and according to the direction of its rays, this absolute magic symbol represents the orderliness or disorder of the Sacred Lamb of Ormuzd and St. John, or the accursed Goat of Mendes. This is sanctification or profanation; it is Lucifer or Venus, morning or evening star. This is Mary or Lilith, victory or death, day or night. The pentagram with two ascending ends represents Satan in the form of a goat at the Sabbath; when one end ascends, this is the sign of the Savior.

- Eliphas Levi. Teaching and Ritual of Higher Magic. - 1854-1856

At the same time, in another image, Levi depicted a straight pentagram on the forehead of the goat Baphomet, contradicting himself.

In 1897, this image was published in the book "Key to black magic"("La Clef de la Magie Noire") Stanislas de Guaita, and around the circumference of the pentagram he wrote "Leviathan" in Hebrew, and between the rays of the pentagram - "Samael Lilith" in Latin.

In 1969, Guaita's symbol, without the last inscription, was published in his book " satanic bible» LaVey, who called it the "Seal of Baphomet" and later registered it as a trademark of his Church of Satan organization.

According to some Kabbalists, the inverted pentagram is Zeir Anpin (Greek. microprosopus- The “Small Face” of the Creator), which is formed on the Tree of Life by the six lower Sefirot: Chesed, Gevura, Tifferet, Netzah, Hod, Yesod. At the same time, Zeir Anpin is called Tipheret, the Divine Son, through union with whom our world can be saved.

The idea of some carnal being, symbolized by a pentagram, whose atoning sacrifice serves to spiritualize and continue the life of people, lies at the very foundation of the Abrahamic religions. Examples are Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac, the ancient Jewish "scapegoat" rite, when the sins of the people were laid on sacrificial cattle, and the later idea of the sacrifice of Christ - the Passover lamb.

The "Pentagram of Venus" is the trajectory that the planet Venus travels when viewed from Earth. Venus is in a 13:8 orbital resonance with the Earth (8 revolutions of the Earth around the Sun in 13 revolutions of Venus), moving 144° since the conjunctions. The value of 13:8 is an approximate ratio, because 8/13 = 0.615385, and the exact rotation of Venus occurs in 0.615187 Earth years.

Pythagoras claimed that the pentagram, or, as he called it, hygieia (ύγιεια) (in honor of the Greek goddess of health Hygieia) is a mathematical perfection, as it hides the golden ratio (φ = (1 + √5) / 2 = 1.618 ...). If we divide the length of any colored segment of the pentacle by the length of the longest of the remaining smaller segments, then the golden ratio will be obtained, which in turn crosses a parallel thread (φ).

φ=redblue=bluegreen=greenmagenta(displaystyle varphi =(frac (mathrm (color (red)red) )(mathrm (color (Blue)blue) ))=(frac (mathrm (color (Blue)blue) )(mathrm ( color (Green)green) ))=(frac (mathrm (color (Green)green) )(mathrm (color (Magenta)magenta) )))

The Unicode encoding contains several characters with the word "pentagram" in the name - these are the characters from U+26E4 to U+26E7.