Name of the first supreme Vedic god Varun , recorded in the Rig Veda, is known in ancient Greek mythology as the first titanic deity Uranus - god of the sky, husband of Gaia (Earth). The name of the god Varuna, the ancient Greek god Uranus comes from the Vedic Sanskrit of the Rig-Veda, where the prefixes: pir-, piro-, per-, pra- mean "first", "original" .
Children "firstborn" ancient Greek gods of the Titans Uranus and Gaia , were god of Time - Chronos (ancient Greek Χρόνος from χρόνος - time) or Kronos (ancient Greek Κρόνος), reigned in Space, and The Great Mother of the Gods Rhea (Greek: ΄Ρέα, ΄Ρεία, Κυβέλη - Cybele) - goddess of the Earth and fertility.
The ancient attribute of the god Chronos was sickle - this suggests that by its nature god Chronos (Chron), like (Etruscan. Harun; later Haru; lat. Charun - Charun, Karun), whose attribute was a double-sided ritual ax - labrys, are "reapers" of human souls, harvesters, summing up the life path of each person. Chronos measured the time of human life , and cut the thread of life with a sickle, and the Etruscan Khorun with a labrys. Among the Romans, the functions of Chronos were performed by the god Saturn, the Etruscan
in ancient Greek Κρόνος comes from *Kranao - “to cut off, to reap”, this is where the word comes from, that is, Kronos is the god “sower and harvester”. However, folk etymology brought the god Cronus closer to Chronos - the god of Time, the harvester of the time of human life.
Father of Kronos "original" Uranus, fearing to die from one of his titan children, returned them again to the bowels of the Earth - Gaia, exhausted from the burden of Gaia, persuaded her youngest son Kronos (Chronus), castrate the “original” god of the titan Uranus. According to legend, Kronos castrated Uranus with a sickle, became the supreme god of the sky, after which Kronos abandoned his sickle (Greek Σέρπ) in the sea near the cape Drepano (ancient Greek Δρέπανο — sickle; Drepănum, Drépanon) in Achaia. This sickle was kept in a cave in Zankle.
Pherecydes of Syros, author of the Heptateuch, believed that ageless god of time Chronos (ancient Greek Χρόνος - “time”) or Kronos (ancient Greek Κρόνος) gave birth to three elements from Ether and Chaos - Fire, Air and Water
. In ancient Greek mythology, Hora, Mountains (ancient Greek Ὥραι - “Times”) there were goddesses of the “Seasons”. 
The seed of the god Chronos in a silver egg was hidden in the cache of Time, from his seed came the Earth and the generation of the first gods living on Olympus. Perhaps the guardian of the divine seed was stone egg - Omphalus (ancient Greek ὀμφαλός - navel), kept in the Archaeological Museum at Delphi Omphalus decorated with intertwined images of symbols of divine power - a double vajra. The ageless god of time, Chronos, is sometimes called the Dragon-Serpent.
Direct analogies arise with the famous character of ancient Russian fairy tales, devouring people, the Immortal three-headed Serpent - Gorynych, a dragon who keeps his life in an egg and a silver casket.
According to Hesiod, in the mythology of the ancient Greeks there are traditions that in those ancient times, when Chronos (Cronus) was the “lord of the sky,” people lived like gods “with a calm and clear soul, not knowing any grief, not knowing the work.”
In Greek mythological history it was "golden age" of humanity
When Paradise (goddess Rhea - Iriy - paradise) reigned on Earth
. Homer wrote of Rhea as a goddess living in "ease" and the flow of time. 
Goddess Rhea - "great mother of the gods" was the personification of fertility, abundance, motherhood, giving birth to inexhaustible streams of water, milk and accompanying man from birth to death.
Other names for Rhea (lat. Rheia, Rheie, Rhee) - Brimo (lat. Brimo), Berecynthia (Latin Berecyntia; Russian Bereginya), Cybele - "great mother of the gods" , Agdistis, Scythian snake-legged goddess Api, Dindymena (Dindymene), after the name of Mount Dindym, near the city of Pessinunt, where her temple was located.
Among the ancient Thracians, the goddess Rhea - “the great mother of the gods” was known under the name Bendis or Cotys – “woman in labor” , or goddess Hecate), and was identified with the Greek Demeter. (Strab. x. p. 470).
Undoubtedly the island of Crete was the earliest place of worship of the goddess Rhea - the “great mother”.
Goddess Rhea with two labrys - double-sided axes, symbols of supreme power
The ancient Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (Greek Διόδωρος Σικελιώτης, lat. Diodorus Siculus), who lived in the 1st century BC, saw in the vicinity of Knossus (Cnossus), sacred place in Cyprus where once stood temple of the goddess Rhea, who was worshiped in the same way as the goddess Cybele was subsequently worshiped (Euseb. Chron. p. 56; Syncell. Chronogr. p. 125).
On the island of Crete, in the palace of King Minos in Knossos, many figurines of the Great Mother Earth were found, goddesses-mistress of snakes, symbolizing the underworld. The pagan goddess Great Mother was depicted with her hands raised up.
Labrys is the sign of the Great Mother of the Gods on the altar. Knossos. Crete
In Crete-Mycenaean texts there is an inscription: te-i-ja ma-te-re (“te-i-e ma-te-re” - “that is the Mother of the gods”); inscription: “Ti-sy-roi” - “ti-se- Roi” - “You are Rhea.”
Mother of Zeus, goddess Rhea - Supreme (Mycenaean. O-re-i = o-re-i = mountains: orei - 'in the mountains', (cf. o-re-a) = orehās; O-re-ta = o- re-ta (ancient Greek Ορος - 'mountain').
In the Northern Black Sea region, the Scythians, speaking dialects of the Indo-European group of languages, called the Great Mother of the Gods - Api, The Minoans on Crete call Afi - Athena, and Asi-rai - Asirai - Api-Rhea, “paradise, in the hands of the Mother.”
In the Mycenaean language the name of the goddess Rei is also referred to as “A-ro-a = a-ro-a”; « A-ro-e = a-ro-e"; "A-ro-yo = a-ro-jo", which means “- and in the Vedic Sanskrit dictionary it means “arioa, arioes” - excellent, best, good; (Greek aristos - αριστος - ‘excellent, the best’; ayaphos - αγαθός - ‘good’).
The name of the Minoan goddess Api-Rei, or Asi-rai, may be the equivalent of the Sanskrit name of the god - Asura , Avestan - Ahura, Scythian goddess - Api, Hellenic - Athens.
Double ax found in
Arkalochori caves on Crete, made of thin sheet of gold, dates back to the late Minoan period 1550-1500 BC.
On one ax blade were carved four characters in Minoan Linear A.
Researchers believe that the inscription is a dedication Great Mother of Gods , the golden labrys was kept in a sacred cave as a sacrifice to the goddess.
The Minoan inscriptions on the gold labrys from Arkalochori were studied by Nikolaos Boufidis, shortly after the decipherment of Linear B, by Michael Ventris in 1952 and read as I-DA-MA-TE
Similar inscriptions with the name of the mother goddess were found on a stone vase from the sanctuary at "Aghios Georgios sto Vouno" in the Minoan settlement, in the harbor of Kastri on the island of Kythera
near Crete. 
The inscription (KY Za 2) on the labrys can be read as DA-MA-TE, she is also dedicated Great Mother Goddess of Minoan Crete.
The hill where the sacred cave is located has remained a place of worship since Neolithic times Great Mother Goddess throughout the Minoan, Greek, Roman and Hellenistic periods. To this day, the hill and cave remain places of worship. The symbolism points to a female deity - the Great Mother Goddess.
Altar of the Great Mother of the Gods Rhea at Knossos. Crete
Mother goddess of Minoan Crete continued to receive offerings even after the stone vaults of the cave above the southern entrance collapsed.
One of the names of the goddess Cybele (Greek Κυβέλη, lat. Cybele - Cybele, Sibera, Siberia) was - “Great Mother of the Gods” or "Great Mother" (Latin Magna mater, Megale meter).
Lions were depicted to the left and right of her throne, or the Great goddess Mother Rhea Cybele drove a chariot drawn by lions, or was depicted with a lion in her arms.
In honor of the “great mother” of the fertility goddess Cybele, the priests staged mysteries with special rituals of self-torture, washing with the blood of sacrificial animals (bulls or rams) and multi-day orgies with intoxicating drinks and dancing.
Cult of the “great mother” Cybele
for a long time was revered in many other countries of the ancient world, in Greece, in Asia Minor: in Phrygia, at Mount Ida, in Lydia, Bithynia and Galatia, along with the widespread cults of Mithra and Isis. 
By association with the goddess Rhea, Cybele was accompanied by her companions, the Curetes, Corybantes and Cabiri, and later associated with the cults of the earth goddess - Demeter and her daughter Persephone (Russian Pereseva), kidnapped by Hades, and taken to the underworld until spring, when Hades released her, and Persephone “grew” through the earth and emerging as green sprouts into the light of God.
Kurets- minor deities that arose in Crete-Mycenaean period of history Greece, probably associated with fertility and vegetation.
Corybantes - the Greek name for the Phrygian priests of Cybele, who in dance achieve the same ecstasy as the maenads in the retinue of Dionysus.
Cabirs
- Phrygian gods who give protection and protect from danger. 
During the expansion of Rome to the east, the cult of Cybele became a state cult throughout the Roman Empire, in 204 BC e. at the end of the second Punic War. Frightened by the frequent rain of stones, the Romans turned to Sibyllian oracles (oracles of Sibyl, Sybil, Cybele) , and they promised Rome deliverance from all misfortunes with the help of the "Great Mother" from the temple at Mount Ida.
The Greek historian and geographer Strabo (Greek Στράβων; c. 64 BC - c. 24 AD) mentions that in the city of Pessinut at the foot of Mount Dindim, there was a huge temple of Cybele, where the goddess sat on a black stone (meteorite). Exactly, this sacred throne The Phrygian goddess Cybele was delivered with great honor to the Roman port city of Ostia in early April 204 BC. e.
Fountain of the goddess Cybele in Madrid. The sacred belly of the Earth Goddess Rhea was the Lion - the King of Beasts, and the sacred tree was the oak. (Apollo. Rhod. i. 1124).
From the 1st century BC e. bull sacrifices appeared in the Roman cult of Cybele
(tauroboly) and rams (cryoboly). The blood of sacrificial animals was sprinkled on worshipers to ensure physical rebirth. 
After the bull sacrifice, the worshipers emerged from a hole dug in the ground, sprinkled with blood, and were considered reborn and purified.
On Mount Spil in western Anatolia there is a rock carved image. Cybele and two lions, dating back to approximately 13th century BC e. About the Temple of Cybele in Sardis is mentioned in the “History” by Herodotus.
In Athens, the temple of the mother of the gods Rhea Cybele in Olympia is called Metroon (Greek Μητρω̃ον), a modified pronunciation of the word “matron” - mother.
In the Bulgarian coastal town of Balchik in 2007, a well-preserved underground temple of Cybele Roman period. One of the archaeological finds is a meter-tall statue of the goddess Cybele with a lion cub on her lap. 
Ancient art represented the goddess Rhea (Cybele, Demeter) in the form of a portly, richly dressed matron sitting on a throne and surrounded by lions or in a chariot drawn by lions. Goddess head Rhea (Cybele) was decorated with a high crown with teeth, in her hands she holds a tympanum, a percussion musical instrument with a certain pitch, and a scepter or ears of corn.
Mycenae. Cretan-Mycenaean goddess - great mother with lions - 670 BC.
Goddess Rhea, like Cybele, is associated with the full cycle of human life - the “Great Mother” gives life, looks after her children throughout life, and when the time comes, she takes her children from life, welcoming them with open arms and guarding their graves. 
The “Great Mother” was depicted in crypts with her hands raised up, ready to embrace and receive the souls of the departed.
Kron ancient mythology, Kron Security Ltd.Kronos, Cron(ancient Greek Κρόνος) - in ancient Greek mythology - the supreme deity, according to another opinion titan, the youngest son of the first god Uranus (sky) and the goddess Gaia (earth). Initially - the god of agriculture, later, in the Hellenistic period, he was identified with the god personifying time, Chronos (ancient Greek Χρόνος from χρόνος - time). The period of Cronus's rule was considered a golden age.
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Kronos and Zeus
- 3 Later tradition
- 4 See also
- 5 Notes
- 6 Links
Etymology
The etymology of the name Kronos is unknown. The Greeks themselves of later times, due to the consonance of the names, compared it with Chronos-time. It is unknown whether this name is of Greek origin. Only the sickle - an ancient attribute - speaks of their nature. The Ionians had a holiday, at least in a number of Ionian cities, but the originality of its connection with Kronos is questionable, so the god Kronos, being a character in myths, at the same time finds himself on the periphery of religious cults and beliefs.
Uranus, fearing to die from one of his children, returned them again to the bowels of the earth. Therefore, Gaia, exhausted from the burden, persuaded Kronos, the last born, to castrate Uranus. Kronos became the supreme god.
The sickle with which he castrated Uranus was thrown into the sea by Kronos at Cape Drepan (Sickle) in Achaia. This sickle was kept in a cave in Zancle (Sicily).
Castration of Uranus by Cronus. Giorgio Vasari and Gerardi Cristofano, 16th century, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence
According to Pherecydes of Syria, Kronos defeated Ophion and was the first to be crowned. According to another version, Kronos was the eldest son, and therefore became king.
A golden age began under him. Kronos was afraid of Uranus's prediction that one of his children born to him by Rhea would overthrow him, and therefore swallowed them one by one. So he swallowed Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon. From the union of Kronos with the nymph Philira (whom he later, fearing Rhea's jealousy, turned into a mare), the centaur Chiron was born.
Kronos and Zeus
Rhea, pregnant with Zeus, not wanting to lose her last child, gave birth to him in a deep cave in Crete and hid him there, and allowed Kronos to swallow a stone (Baitil). This stone was later shown at Delphi. Also, the legend with the stone was associated with the Petrah cliff above Chaeronea. This stone is called Agadir. When Kronos realized that he had been deceived, he began to look for Zeus all over the earth, but the Kuretes prevented him from finding the baby, and when Zeus cried, they knocked their spears on their shields so that Kronos would not hear the cry of little Zeus.
Saturn (Rubens)
When Zeus grew up, he started a war with his father. After a ten-year war, Kronos was overthrown by Zeus and imprisoned in Tartarus.
According to one legend, Zeus fought for power with Kronos in Olympia and won. According to the Orphics, Zeus, on the advice of Nyukta, gave Cronus honey to drink, he fell asleep and was castrated (castrated). According to the version, he was castrated by Zeus, and Aphrodite was born from his seed (usually Uranus appears here). After the Titanomachy, Zeus imprisoned Kronos and the titans who came to his defense in Tartarus.
Zeus overthrew his father, freed his brothers and sisters from his womb, forcing Kronos to vomit up the children he had swallowed, and reigned over the world, making his brothers and sisters Olympian gods (Hestia - the goddess of the hearth, Hera - the wife and queen of the gods, Demeter - the goddess of the fields and fertility, Hades - the god of the underworld of the dead and Poseidon - the god of the seas).
According to a later version of the myth, Kronos was subsequently resettled to the “islands of the blessed.” Hence, in the minds of the ancient Greeks, the “kingdom of Kronos” corresponded to the fabulous “golden age”.
Later tradition
Kronos is buried in Sicily. Was a god in Arabia. He was identified with the Phoenician god, to whom infants were sacrificed. A temple was built for him at Olympia. Sacrifices to Cronus were made at Olympia on the top of Mount Cronius on the spring equinox in the month of Elathion Basil.
The XIII Orphic hymn is dedicated to him.
Kronos corresponds to the Roman Saturn. According to legend, which identified Kronos with Saturn, he was defeated by Zeus and fled to Italy (see Saturn). Kronos reigned in Libya and Sicily and founded Hierapolis.
The image of Kronos (Saturn) devouring his children was reflected in fine art (Rubens, Goya).
Cron, a task scheduler in UNIX operating systems, is named after Kronos.
see also
- Petbe
Notes
- Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1991-92. 2 t. T.2. P.18, Lubker F. Real dictionary of classical antiquities. M., 2001. 3 volumes. T.1. P.392-393
- Zaitsev A.I. Greek religion and mythology: a course of lectures / Ed. L. Ya. Zhmudya. - M.: Academia, 2005. - P. 63. - 208 p. - (Classicus: Classical educational book). - 5100 copies. - ISBN 5-7695-1681-X.
- Hesiod. Theogony. 154-185
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas VII 23, 4
- Callimachus, fr.43 Pfeiffer, art.70
- Ferecides, fr. B4 Diels-Kranz = Tertullian. About the crown 7
- Diodorus Siculus. Historical Library V 66, 4
- Hesiod. Theogony. pp. 497-500; Pausanias. Description of Hellas X 24, 6
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas IX 41, 6
- First Vatican Mythographer II 3, 3
- Gigin. Myths 139
- Pseudo-Apollodorus. Mythological Library I 1, 3-5; 2, 1 next; Nonn. Acts of Dionysus XXIV page 228
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas V 7, 10; VIII 2, 2
- Orphica, fr. 154 Kern = Porfiry. About the cave of nymphs 16
- First Vatican Mythographer II 4, 1
- Clement. Protreptic 30, 3
- Nonn. Acts of Dionysus XL 403
- Plutarch. About superstition 13
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas V 7, 6
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas VI 20, 1
- Polemon, fr.102 Preller
Links
- Encyclopedia of Ancient Mythology: Kronos
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Chronos- in Greek mythology, the personification of time; According to one version of the myth, Chronos generates fire, water and air. Since the names Chronos and Kronos are similar in sound, the ancient Greeks attributed control of time to Kronos.
Cron(Kronos) - Greek god of time, father of Zeus. (corresponds to Saturn in Roman mythology)
Three pairs of ancestors of the Greek gods are known: Uranus (sky) - Gaia (earth); Kron (time) - Rhea (earth); Zeus the Thunderer - Hera - the keeper of family and marriage foundations.
Uranus and Gaia gave birth to three hundred-armed, fifty-headed creatures - the Hecatoncheires and three round-eyed giants, the Cyclops. Frightened by such strength and power. Uranus tied them up and threw them into Tartarus.
The next generation of Uranus and Gaia were the seven daughters of the Titanides and six sons of the Titans, the youngest of them being Cronus. Gaia, grieving for her children languishing underground, persuaded the Titans to rebel against their father, and gave Krona a crooked sword made of durable metal, or perhaps diamond. All the titans, except Oceanus, attacked his father. Krohn accomplished the most important thing - he deprived his father of productive power.
Kron reigned in space. The time when he was the "lord of the sky" was the golden age of mythological history. People in those days lived like gods, “with a calm and clear soul, not knowing grief, not knowing labor,” according to Hesiod.
Cronus married his sister the Titanide Rhea (consanguineous marriages were common in mythology). The previously freed Hecatoncheires and Cyclopes were again thrown into Tartarus. Gaia's mother warned Cronus that he, in turn, would be deprived of power by his own son, so he began to devour all the children born to Rhea.
The name Krona comes from the Greek word "chronos" - time, and he himself is the personification of all-consuming time. Everything is born and disappears in time, so Kron’s children are born and destroyed by him. Representatives of a new generation of Greek gods Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades (Roman Pluto), Poseidon were born and disappeared in the womb of their father. When it was Zeus's turn to be born, Rhea went to the island of Crete and there, in a cave on Mount Dikte, she gave birth to a son, who was destined to become the ruler of the Olympian gods. And instead of another baby, Kron received a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes:
Zeus, guarded by the Curetes, grew up, became powerful and cunning. He called upon the Titanide Metis, daughter of Oceanus, for help, received a magic potion from her, mixed it with Kronus’s drink, which forced the parent to vomit up the stone and all the previously swallowed children. In union with newfound sisters and brothers
Zeus began a war against Cronus and the other children of Uranus - the Titans.
This struggle between the Kronids and Uranids was terrible and stubborn. The Titans were powerful and formidable opponents. Zeus brought the Cyclopes out of Tartarus, who shackled him with thunder and thunder, but they did not bring a quick victory. The war had already lasted ten years, and no one's advantage was visible.
Then Zeus brought the Hecatoncheires out of the bowels of the earth. They tore entire rocks from the mountains and threw them at the titans as they approached Olympus, where the Kronids settled.
This long-term battle, when everything in nature groaned, trembled and burned with fire, was called the Titanomachy. This myth apparently reflected ideas about natural disasters that changed the landscape of the planet.
But then the titans wavered, the reign of the insane and impersonal cosmic elements came to an end, and the time of the intelligent humanoid deities of the Olympians came. The formidable power of the titans was broken.
3evs chained them all, including Kron, and threw them into Tartarus, and set the hundred-handed men as guards.
Thus ended the reign of Cronus. Much later, the Orphics created a myth about how Zeus returned Cronus from Tartarus and made him king of the “islands of the blessed,” located at the edge of the earth, beyond the Ocean, where only the dead lived.
Chronos-time as imagined by Salvador Dali - Time flows
Reprinted from the site http://myfhology.narod.ru/
Kronos(or Kron), in Greek mythology one of the Titans, according to another version the supreme deity. The period of the leadership of Kronos was considered the Golden Age
Family and environment
Kronos is the youngest son of the first god Uranus-Sky and the goddess Gaia-Earth. According to Diodorus, Kronos was the eldest son and therefore became the head of the gods. According to Pherecydes of Syria, Kronos defeated Ophion and therefore had the right to reign.
His wife was the Titanide Rhea, sister of Kronos, who bore him Zeus, Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon. From the union of Kronos and the nymph Philyra, the centaur Chiron was born; later, fearing Rhea’s jealousy, Kronos turned Philyra into a mare.
The sister of Kronos is considered to be Aphrodite, who appeared from blood mixed with the seed of Uranus, which fell into the sea. Other brothers and sisters of Kronos are the Cyclopes, Erinyes, Hecatoncheires, Horus and Oreads, the Titans (Hyperion, Iapetus, Crius, Kay, Oceanus) and the Titanides (Dione, Mnemosyne, Rhea, Tethys, Phoebe, Theia, Themis) and many other gods and creatures born of Gaia and Uranus.
Myths
Uranus hated his children from Gaia for their ugliness and power, and fearing to be overthrown by one of his children, he imprisoned them in the bowels of the Earth. Gaia, tormented by the weight of her children, decided to stop the endless fertility of her bloodthirsty husband. She forged a sickle and asked her children which of them was ready to help her in this event. Kronos agreed to fulfill his mother's will. With this sickle he castrated Uranus. Kronos threw the sickle into the sea at Cape Drepan in Achaia.
After this, Kronos began to rule over the gods and people. The Golden Age began under him. But Kronos was also afraid of his children, Uranus predicted the same fate for him - to be defeated by his son from Rhea. And Kronos made the same mistake as his father, he decided to get rid of all his children. He swallowed every child that Rhea showed him; she did not dare to resist her husband. But one day Rhea decided to deceive Kronos.
Rhea gave birth to Zeus in a deep cave in Crete and hid him there; instead of a baby, she brought a wrapped stone to Kronos and he swallowed the decoy. When Kronos realized that he had been deceived, he began to look for the baby throughout the land, but when the baby cried, the Kuretes banged their spears on their shields so that no one would hear his cry.
And so the matured Zeus decided to free his brothers and sisters and take revenge on his father. Metis helped her future husband, she gave Kronos a magical drink that caused nausea and Kronos threw out all his swallowed children. After which Zeus overthrew the weakened Kronos to Tartarus. But the titans came to the defense of Kronos and the Titanomachy began - a war that lasted for ten long years. After the victory, the titans were also sent to prison in Tartarus, where they were guarded by the freed Hecatoncheires (hundred-handed). However, according to a later version (according to the Orphics), Kronos reconciled with Zeus and was sent to rule on the islands of the blessed; most likely, this is where the concept of the reign of Kronos as a happy and prosperous time arose.
Name, epithets and character
Initially, Kronos was the god of agriculture; later, in the Hellenistic period, he was identified with the god personifying time, Chronos (time), due to the consonance of their names. The etymology of the name Kronos is unknown. It is unknown whether this name is of Greek origin. The Ionians had a holiday, at least in a number of Ionian cities, but the originality of its connection with Kronos is questionable, so the god Kronos, being a character in myths, at the same time finds himself on the periphery of religious cults and beliefs.
In Roman mythology, Kronos is known as Saturn, who was perceived as a symbol of inexorable time. According to legend, which identified Kronos with Saturn, he was defeated by Zeus and fled to Italy. He was identified with the Phoenician god, to whom infants were sacrificed.
Cult and symbolism
Kronia festivals were dedicated to Kronos, and in Rome - Saturnalia, during which masters and servants exchanged their duties and unbridled carnival-type fun reigned.
Kronos was also a god in Arabia. A temple was built for him in Olympia. Sacrifices were made to Kronos at Olympia on the top of Mount Kronius on the spring equinox in the month of Elathion Basil. Kronos reigned in Libya and Sicily and founded Hierapolis.
In culture and art
The XIII Orphic hymn is dedicated to him. The image of Kronos (Saturn) devouring his children was reflected in fine art (Rubens, Goya).
In culture and art
A marine reptile was named in honor of Kronos - Kronosaurus - a giant pliosaur of the Early Cretaceous era.
KRONOS - in ancient Greek mythology, the great god of Time, one of the Titans, the son of Uranus and Gaia. The mother persuaded Kronos to castrate his father in order to stop his endless fertility and take the throne himself; she also predicted that Kronos would also be defeated by his own son, which is why he began to eat his children as babies. However, his wife Rhea managed to slip a cobblestone wrapped in cloth instead of the youngest son of Zeus, and secretly nurse the baby himself in a Cretan cave. The matured Zeus, at the teaching of his wife Metis, gave Kronos a magical drink, and he
Cronus is the Greek god of time, father of Zeus. Three pairs of ancestors of the Greek gods are known: Uranus - Gaia; Kron - Rhea; Zeus the Thunderer - Hera - the keeper of family and marriage foundations.
Uranus and Gaia gave birth to three hundred-armed, fifty-headed creatures - hecatoncheires and three round-eyed giants cyclops. Frightened by such strength and power, Uranus tied them up and threw them into Tartarus.
The next generation of Uranus and Gaia were the seven daughters of the Titanides and six sons of the Titans, the youngest of them being Cronus. Gaia, grieving for her children languishing underground, persuaded the Titans to rebel against their father, and gave Krona a crooked sword made of durable metal, or perhaps diamond. All the titans
except the Ocean. attacked my father. Krohn accomplished the most important thing - he deprived his father of productive power.
Kron reigned in space. The time when he was the "lord of the sky" was the golden age of mythological history. People in those days lived like gods, “with a calm and clear soul, not knowing grief, not knowing labor,” according to Hesiod.
Cronus married his sister the Titanide Rhea. The previously freed Hecatoncheires and Cyclops were again thrown into Tartarus. Gaia's mother warned Cronus that he, in turn, would be deprived of power by his own son, so he would devour all the children born to Rhea.
The name Krona comes from the Greek word chronos - time, and he himself is the personification of all-consuming time. Everything is born and disappears in time, so Kron’s children are born and destroyed by him. Representatives of the new generation of Greek gods Hestia were born and disappeared in the womb of their father. Demeter. Hera. Hades, Poseidon. When it was Zeus's turn to be born, Rhea went to the island of Crete and there, in a cave on Mount Dikte, she gave birth to a son, who was destined to become the ruler of the Olympian gods. And instead of another baby, Kron received a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes.
Zeus, guarded by the Curetes, grew up, became powerful and cunning. He called upon the Titanide Metis to help. daughter of Oceanus, received a magic potion from her, mixed it into Kron's drink, which forced the parent to vomit up the stone and all the children that had previously been swallowed. In union with newfound sisters and brothers
Zeus began a war against Cronus and the other children of Uranus - the Titans. This struggle between the Kronids and Uranids was terrible and stubborn. The Titans were powerful and formidable opponents. Zeus brought the Cyclops out of Tartarus, who shackled him with thunder and thunder, but they did not bring a quick victory. The war had been going on for ten years, and no one's advantage was visible.
Then Zeus brought the Hecatoncheires out of the bowels of the earth. They tore entire rocks from the mountains and threw them at the titans as they approached Olympus. where the Kronids settled.
This long-term battle, when everything in nature groaned, trembled and burned with fire, was called the Titanomachy. This myth apparently reflected ideas about natural disasters that changed the landscape of the planet.
But then the titans wavered, the reign of the insane and impersonal cosmic elements came to an end, and the time of the intelligent humanoid deities of the Olympians came. The formidable power of the titans was broken. 3evs chained them all, including Kron, and threw them into Tartarus, and set the hundred-handed men as guards.
Thus ended the reign of Cronus. Much later, the Orphics created a myth about how Zeus returned Cronus from Tartarus and made him the king of the “islands of the blessed,” located at the edge of the earth, beyond the Ocean, where only the dead lived.
Kronos, in ancient Greek mythology, was one of the Titans, born from the marriage of the sky god Uranus and the earth goddess Gaia. He succumbed to his mother’s persuasion and castrated his father Uranus in order to stop the endless births of his children.
To avoid repeating the fate of his father, Kronos began to swallow all his offspring. But in the end, his wife could not stand such an attitude towards their offspring and gave him a stone to swallow instead of the newborn. Rhea hid her son, Zeus, on the island of Crete, where he grew up, nursed by the divine goat Amalthea. He was guarded by the Kuretes - warriors who drowned out the crying of Zeus by striking their shields so that Kronos would not hear.
Having matured, Zeus overthrew his father from the throne, forced him to tear his brothers and sisters out of his womb and, after a long war, took his place on bright Olympus, among the host of gods. So Kronos was punished for his betrayal.
The name Krona comes from the Greek word chronos - time, and he himself is the personification of all-consuming time. Everything is born and disappears in time, so Kron’s children are born and destroyed by him. Representatives of the new generation of Greek gods Hestia were born and disappeared in the womb of their father. Demeter. Hera. Hades. Poseidon. When it was Zeus's turn to be born. Rhea went to the island of Crete and there, in a cave on Mount Dikte, she gave birth to a son, who was destined to become the ruler of the Olympian gods. And instead of another baby, Kron received a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes.
Zeus guarded by the Curetes. grew up, became powerful and cunning. He called upon the Titanide Metis to help. daughter of Ocean. received a magic potion from her, mixed it into Kron's drink, which forced the parent to vomit out the stone and all the children he had previously swallowed. In union with newfound sisters and brothers.
Sources: www.bibliotekar.ru, myfhology.info, godsbay.ru, pagandom.ru, mythology.org.ua
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