As well as their classifications. In religious studies, it is customary to distinguish the following types: tribal, national and world religions.
Buddhism
- most ancient world religion. It originated in the 6th century. BC e. in India, and is currently distributed in the countries of South, Southeast, Central Asia and the Far East and has about 800 million followers. Tradition links the emergence of Buddhism with the name of Prince Siddhartha Gautama. His father hid bad things from Gautama, he lived in luxury, married his beloved girl, who bore him a son. The impetus for a spiritual upheaval for the prince, as the legend says, was four meetings. At first he saw a decrepit old man, then a leprous sufferer and a funeral procession. So Gautama learned old age, sickness and death are the fate of all people. Then he saw a peaceful, impoverished wanderer who needed nothing from life. All this shocked the prince, made him think about the fate of people. He secretly left the palace and family, at the age of 29 he became a hermit and tried to find the meaning of life. As a result of deep reflection, at the age of 35 he became a Buddha - enlightened, awakened. For 45 years, the Buddha preached his teaching, which can be briefly reduced to the following main ideas.
Life is suffering, the cause of which are the desires and passions of people. To get rid of suffering, it is necessary to renounce earthly passions and desires. This can be achieved by following the path of salvation indicated by the Buddha.
After death, any living being, including humans, is reborn again, but already in the form of a new living being, whose life is determined not only by its own behavior, but also by the behavior of its "predecessors".
We must strive for nirvana, i.e., dispassion and peace, which are achieved by renunciation of earthly attachments.
Unlike Christianity and Islam Buddhism lacks the idea of God as the creator of the world and its ruler. The essence of the doctrine of Buddhism boils down to a call to every person to embark on the path of seeking inner freedom, complete liberation from all the shackles that life brings.
Christianity
It arose in the 1st century. n. e. in the eastern part of the Roman Empire - Palestine - as addressed to all the humiliated, thirsting for justice. It is based on the idea of messianism - the hope for the Divine deliverer of the world from everything bad that is on Earth. Jesus Christ suffered for the sins of people, whose name in Greek means "Messiah", "Savior". By this name, Jesus is associated with the Old Testament traditions about the coming to the land of Israel of a prophet, a messiah who will free the people from suffering and establish a righteous life - God's kingdom. Christians believe that the coming of God to Earth will be accompanied by Doomsday when He will judge the living and the dead, direct them to heaven or hell.
Basic Christian ideas:
- Belief that God is one, but He is a Trinity, i.e. God has three "persons": the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, which form the one God who created the Universe.
- Faith in the redemptive sacrifice of Jesus Christ - the second person of the Trinity, God the Son - this is Jesus Christ. He has two natures simultaneously: Divine and human.
- belief Divine grace- a mysterious power sent by God to free a person from sin.
- Belief in the afterlife and afterlife.
- Belief in the existence of good spirits - angels and evil spirits - demons, along with their master Satan.
The holy book of Christians is Bible, which means "book" in Greek. The Bible consists of two parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament is the oldest part of the Bible. New Testament(actually Christian works) includes: four gospels (from Luke, Mark, John and Matthew); the deeds of the holy apostles; Epistles and Revelation of John the Theologian.
In the IV century. n. e. Emperor Constantine declared Christianity state religion Roman Empire. Christianity is not one. It split into three streams. In 1054 Christianity split into Roman Catholic and Orthodox Church. In the XVI century. The Reformation, an anti-Catholic movement, began in Europe. The result was Protestantism.
And recognize seven christian sacraments: baptism, chrismation, repentance, communion, marriage, priesthood and unction. The source of doctrine is the Bible. The differences are mainly as follows. In Orthodoxy there is no single head, there is no idea of purgatory as a place of temporary accommodation for the souls of the dead, the priesthood does not give a vow of celibacy, as in Catholicism. At the head of the Catholic Church is the pope, elected for life, the center of the Roman Catholic Church is the Vatican - a state that occupies several quarters in Rome.
It has three main streams: Anglicanism, Calvinism And Lutheranism. Protestants consider that the condition for the salvation of a Christian is not formal observance of rituals, but his sincere personal faith in the atoning sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Their teaching proclaims the principle of a universal priesthood, which means that every lay person can preach. Virtually all Protestant denominations have reduced the number of sacraments to a minimum.
Islam
It arose in the 7th century. n. e. among the Arab tribes of the Arabian Peninsula. This is the youngest of the world. There are followers of Islam more than 1 billion people.
The founder of Islam is a historical figure. He was born in 570 in the city of Mecca, which was quite major city at the crossroads of trade routes. In Mecca, there was a shrine revered by most pagan Arabs - the Kaaba. Muhammad's mother died when he was six years old, his father died before his son was born. Muhammad was brought up in the family of his grandfather, a noble family, but impoverished. At the age of 25, he became the manager of the household of the wealthy widow Khadija and soon married her. At the age of 40, Muhammad acted as a religious preacher. He declared that God (Allah) chose him as his prophet. The ruling elite of Mecca did not like the sermon, and by 622 Muhammad had to move to the city of Yathrib, later renamed Medina. 622 is considered the beginning of the Muslim chronology according to lunar calendar and Mecca is the center of the Muslim religion.
The Holy Book of Muslims is a processed record of Muhammad's sermons. During the lifetime of Muhammad, his statements were perceived as the direct speech of Allah and were transmitted orally. A few decades after the death of Muhammad, they were written down and will compose the Qur'an.
plays an important role in the beliefs of Muslims Sunnah - collection of instructive stories about the life of Muhammad and Sharia - a set of principles and rules of conduct binding on Muslims. The most serious ipexa.Mii among Muslims are usury, drunkenness, gambling and adultery.
The place of worship for Muslims is called a mosque. Islam forbids depicting a person and living creatures; hollow mosques are decorated only with ornaments. There is no clear division between clergy and laity in Islam. Any Muslim can become a mullah (priest) knowing the Koran, Muslim laws and rules of worship.
Ritualism is given great importance in Islam. You may not know the intricacies of faith, but you should strictly follow the main rites, the so-called five pillars of Islam:
- pronouncing the formula of the confession of faith: “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet”;
- performing a daily fivefold prayer (prayer);
- fasting in the month of Ramadan;
- giving alms to the poor;
- making a pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj).
The church of any religion reflects the culture of the people, their inner aspirations and the idea of paradise. Views on beauty are very different, and something familiar to us can cause considerable surprise in a person of a different culture. Maybe we should sometimes see the breadth of transcendental ideas? So, we present you the most amazing and beautiful buildings of various religions.
Prambanan Temple Complex (Java Island, Indonesia)
From afar, it may seem that rocks have grown out of the ground. But when you come closer, you see monumental temples with amazement. This is the Prambanan, built on the island of Java as a symbol of the divine power of the Hindu king Rakai Pikatan. He conquered an island where Buddhism was believed. Both religions mixed up and turned into a single one, therefore in Prambanan there are both figures of the Buddha, sitting in a royal pose of the ruler of the worlds, and merciful Shiva - the beginning of the beginnings.
The temple is covered with bas-reliefs in the form of drawings revealing highlights Hinduism. Recently, this building has been included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Kinkakuji Temple (Kyoto, Japan)
The name is translated as "Golden Pavilion", because the temple is partially covered with gold, the same as the domes of churches in Russia are covered. Japanese-style laconic architecture and complete combination with the surrounding landscape are pleasing to the eye and inspire writers and architects to work (many stories have been written about the golden temple, and a similar one has been built Silver temple). The temple contains Buddhist relics and historically valuable items. Listed by UNESCO.
Sri Rangatatswami (Srirangam, India)
On the island of Srirangam there is a wonderful temple complex, the largest in India. It is built in honor of the Hindu god Vishnu and his manifestations in various forms. Like everything in India, the building looks delightfully colorful, it is decorated with many figures that embody the basic concepts of this religion.
Wat Rong Khun (Chiang Rai, Thailand)
Incredibly white and fabulous, it is guarded by stone demons and beckons to enter. Wat Rong Khun is a very young temple dedicated to Buddhism. It doesn't look like normal at all. Buddhist temples, is a fusion of modern ideas and artistic vision of the postulates of Buddhism. Its creator has been working on the temple for the third decade and plans to finish it only in 2070.
Temple of Heaven (Beijing, China)
This temple has been standing in Beijing since the 15th century and still has not lost its relevance. During its construction, many tricks were used to give visitors the feeling of entering heaven. Changes in height, colors, play of sounds - everything creates a mysterious and exciting feeling. There is nothing in the center of the temple - no altar, no objects of worship. The person seems to be addressing directly to heaven.
Paro Taktsang (Bhutan)
Paro Taktsang translates as "refuge of the tiger". This is a monastery in Bhutan, built on a rock jutting out over an abyss. Luxury reigns inside the monastery - golden domes and Buddha statues, figurines illustrating the history of the monastery: the great guru Rinpoche flew here on the back of a tigress and meditated for three months, soaking this place with goodness. Indeed, looking at the surrounding beauty, it is difficult not to be filled with goodness!
Sheikh Zayed Mosque (Abu Dhabi, UAE)
This mosque is located in the United Arab Emirates, and it seems that it was built by genies. Gold and semi gems, crystal and Swarovski crystals. No words! The transcendent luxury of the mosque can only be appreciated by seeing.
Golden Temple (Amritsar, India)
It is located in India, in the middle of the lake Amrita-saras. Lined with copper and covered with gold, which is why it got its name. A thin path from the shore will lead anyone to this temple, as if floating on the waters.
Temple of the Atonement of the Sagrada Familia (Barcelona, Spain)
It is located in Barcelona (Spain). The construction of the cathedral took so long that the Spaniards declared the end of the world the day when it was completed. Construction began in the 19th century. Antonio Gaudi, the architect of the cathedral, planned to embody in it the whole Old Testament. Unfortunately, he died before this happened, and did not even leave any drawings and sketches of his plan. But his successors are trying to complete the cathedral in the same spirit.
Religion occupies an important place in the life and history of mankind. It is not surprising that religious monuments have always been distinguished by their beauty and scope. Temples and churches, mosques and cathedrals, chapels and synagogues - no matter what religion is practiced in them - they are all architectural sights, interesting for their centuries-old history or modern ideas. Most of them are included in the lists of world cultural heritage and are protected by the state. It is the temples that are in any city in the world that primarily attract the attention of tourists. We offer you to get acquainted with the most beautiful and most impressive temples in the world.
1. Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Israel
One of the greatest and most beautiful shrines for the entire Christian world is the Jerusalem Temple of the Resurrection of Christ, better known as the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, Israel. It is here that every year during happy holiday Easter, the miracle of the Descent of the Holy Fire is performed, which is transported to all corners of the globe. According to legend, the temple was built on the site of the crucifixion and burial of Jesus Christ. To date, this large complex, containing many Christian relics, for example, the stone of chrismation, the cave of the Holy Sepulcher, burial bed, Golgotha and many others. Inside the temple is divided between numerous denominations: Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Armenian, Syrian, Coptic and Ethiopian. Liturgies on the Holy Sepulcher are served in turn, and the keys to the temple are kept in the Muslim family in order to avoid conflicts between confessions.
2. Hagia Sophia, Türkiye
Hagia Sophia - the Wisdom of God - is an ancient Orthodox church in Istanbul, Türkiye. The church is world famous architectural monument Byzantine architecture, at one time it was both a mosque and an Orthodox church, and today there is a museum inside. The first church on the site of the modern cathedral was built at the beginning of the 4th century under Emperor Constantine. The temple that we see today was built by Emperor Justinian in the 6th century, its construction absorbed three annual incomes of the entire (!) Byzantine Empire, and for many centuries it remained the largest church in the world. Appearance The temple is still striking in its scale, and the interior decoration is luxurious and rich. In addition to Orthodox images, here you can find quotes from the Koran, as well as runic inscriptions.
3. Notre Dame de Paris, France
Cathedral Notre Dame of Paris or Notre Dame de Paris is one of the most ancient monuments of religious architecture. The location of the temple on the Ile de la Cité in Paris is by no means accidental. In ancient times, there was a pagan temple of Jupiter, later - the first Christian church of the city - the Basilica of St. Stephen, and in 1163 the construction of Notre Dame Cathedral began, which lasted more than 200 years. The main architectural style of the temple is Gothic, but the towers are very different in their appearance, this is due to the participation of many architects in the construction. The cathedral houses the greatest Christian relic - the Crown of Thorns of Jesus Christ - transported here from Jerusalem. There are no paintings on the walls inside, but the largest colored stained-glass windows at the time of construction illustrate scenes from the Bible. An interesting legend is the story of the casting of the Emmanuel bell weighing 13 tons: it was created from melted female jewelry. The famous book by Victor Hugo about the Hunchback of Notre Dame and the beautiful Esmeralda brought particular popularity to the cathedral.
4. St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican
The Cathedral or Basilica of St. Peter is considered the largest christian church around the world, capable of accommodating up to 60 thousand people at the same time. It is also the central and largest building of the Vatican. In 324 AD Emperor Constantine built a church on the site of the cathedral, which stood for about 1200 years. In 1506, they decided to remake the church into the largest Christian cathedral. The most prominent artists and architects of the Renaissance took part in this: Bramante was the first architect, after his death, the construction work was headed by Raphael; Michelangelo designed the dome and vaults of the cathedral, while Bernini designed the main square. Interior decoration The cathedral strikes with its harmony and beauty: there are many statues and sculptures, tombstones and altars, wonderful works of art.
5. Paraportiani Church, Greece
The inhabitants of the island of Mykonos in Greece claim that there are exactly 365 churches on its territory - one for every day of the year, and the most beautiful is the Paraportiani church, the construction of which dates back to the 15th-17th centuries. The snow-white building, which has survived to this day, looks especially impressive against the backdrop of the azure sea and the bottomless blue of the sky. The temple consists of four churches, standing with their foundations on the ground. And the fifth church is located on the next floor above them. The temple was built of stone, strictly adhering to the canons of Byzantine architecture. The absence of external decorations gives it a certain severity and special holiness. Rumor has it that the beautiful streamlined forms of this particular church inspired the great Gaudí to create his famous masterpieces.
6. Sagrada Familia, Spain
By the way, about Antonio Gaudi. The magnificent Expiatory Temple of the Sagrada Familia or Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, Spain, which was designed by the great Spanish architect, is considered one of the hallmarks of this country. The construction of the temple lasted 40 years under the leadership of Gaudi, and has not been completed to this day. According to one version, the initiators of the construction made it a condition that the temple be built solely on donations from parishioners. Modern craftsmen suggest that construction work will be fully completed by 2026, but the local population called the church "The Cathedral that will never be completed." The plan of the temple is made in the form of a Latin cross, the facade is decorated with sayings from the Bible, and such a long construction of the temple is also explained by the duration of the manufacture of stone blocks, which form the bizarre forms of the church.
7. St. Basil's Cathedral, Russia
The most beautiful Orthodox church on Red Square in Moscow is named after the holy fool Vasily, who dared to express his dissatisfaction with his reign to the great Tsar Ivan the Terrible. Another well-known name is also the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God, and until the 17th century the temple was called Trinity. The cathedral was built in the middle of the 16th century. According to legend, the architect who built it was blinded by the order of Ivan the Terrible, so that nothing more beautiful would ever be created. The temple is considered calling card Moscow and all of Russia, it is included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List. Today, a branch of the State Historical Museum is located inside. The height of the cathedral is 65 meters, and total number domes - 11.
8. Las Lajas, Colombia
The Catholic Cathedral of Las Lajas is located in the department of Nariño, Colombia, and is one of the most visited cathedrals in the country, not only by church parishioners, but also by numerous tourists. The church was built directly on the bridge over the river Guaitara. The construction of the cathedral dates back to 1916-1949, and the main architectural style of the building is neo-Gothic. A beautiful legend is connected with the construction of the cathedral: there was a cave here, which was notorious among the local population. Once a mother with a deaf-mute daughter passed through it, and a miracle happened: the Mother of God healed the sick girl, and her mother Mary, as a token of gratitude, painted a beautiful portrait of the Mother of God on the walls of the cave. By the way, experts still cannot determine what kind of paint was applied to the walls of the temple. The only thing that could be found out was that the stones were soaked through with paint.
9. Taj Mahal, India
In addition to Christian religious monuments, it is worth mentioning the masterpieces of architecture related to the Muslim world. One of these is the mausoleum-mosque of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India. It was built in the 17th century by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. The mausoleum-mosque is considered the most outstanding example of Mughal architecture, combining elements of Islamic, Persian and Indian styles. The Taj Mahal is included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List and is not only the mausoleum itself, but also the whole complex around it. In the construction, translucent marble was used, which makes the mosque colorful at different times of the day, as well as beautiful inlays from gems - turquoise, agate, carnelian, malachite and others.
10. Crystal Cathedral, USA
The most valuable in terms of architectural sights are ancient churches and cathedrals, which have miraculously survived to this day. However, we cannot fail to mention the modern attempt to combine the latest trends with religion. The result of this can be considered the Crystal Cathedral in California, USA, built in the late 80s of the 20th century. This Protestant church of amazing size is almost entirely made of glass blocks, of which there are more than 10 thousand. The exterior of the church is a four-pointed crystal star, but the cathedral is most striking from the inside, especially when the sun's rays penetrate through the glass. One of the special attractions of the church is a huge organ with 16,000 pipes, and the building itself can accommodate about 3,000 parishioners.
Temples of different religions Prepared by Vasilyeva Liana Vitalievna, a student of grade 4b.
It is a separate building with a gambiz dome, sometimes the mosque has a courtyard, for example, the Al-Haram Mosque. Towers-minarets numbering from one to nine are attached to the mosque as an outbuilding. The prayer hall is devoid of images, but lines from the Qur'an in Arabic may be inscribed on the walls. The wall facing Mecca is marked by an empty niche in which the imam prays with a mihrab. To the right of the mihrab is a pulpit-minbar, from which the preacher imam reads his sermons to believers during Friday prayers. At mosques, as a rule, there are schools - madrasahs. Mosque Islam Sign of Islam
Mikdash place of worship, which was the center religious life Jewish people. According to the Bible, the portable Tabernacle of Meeting served as a temporary temple after the Exodus of the Jews from Egypt until the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem. The Temple in Jerusalem was a building and in this it differed from the altar and the open sanctuary (bama). In the Temple there were objects symbolizing the presence of God (the Ark of the Covenant with the Tablets of the Covenant and cherubs), as well as utensils for sacred service. The most important items of temple utensils are: The great altar of burnt offering, on which animals dedicated to God were sacrificed, and also grain offerings and libations of wine were made. The golden altar of incense, on which incense was burned. The Golden Menorah, which illuminated the Temple with its light. The golden Table of the showbread, on which the sacred "showbread" was placed. Mikdash Judaism Sign of Judaism
Treasure Tower "- a Buddhist or Hindu building of a religious nature. IN different countries Pagodas include different types of structures. In Nepal, northern India, Tibet, China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia, as well as in Western countries, multi-tiered towers used as temples are called pagodas. It is believed that the first pagodas of this kind appeared in Nepal, after which Nepalese architects spread pagodas throughout the Far East. The prototype of the Nepalese pagoda is a Buddhist stupa, which is still called a pagoda in Theravada Buddhism countries, in other countries pagodas and stupas are distinguished from each other. Pagoda-shaped building in Nepal Hindu temples. Pagoda Buddhism Pagoda at Kiyomizu-dera Temple in Kyoto (Japan) Yakushiji Pagoda near Nara city (Japan) Buddhism sign
The main church of a city or monastery is usually called a cathedral. Orthodox or Catholic Church consist of at least an altar part and an adjoining room for worshipers. Each church has golden crosses and golden onion-shaped domes. And on the walls are various icons and golden patterns. Of course, a church cannot do without candles, and therefore there are practically no chandeliers or lamps in churches. And the ceilings are not overlooked; angels or the Virgin Mary can be painted on them. Church Orthodoxy Sign of Orthodoxy
Buddhism Islam Judaism Orthodoxy
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They amaze even experienced tourists. It is hard to believe that this is the creation of human hands. The "Houses of the Gods" are huge and magnificent, designed to make you think about the frailty of life and find peace of mind.
Sagrada Familia has become a symbol of Barcelona (Spain), although construction has not yet been completed. It has been going on since 1882 and is financed only by donations from private individuals.
The architect of the temple, Antonio Gaudi, was a well-known specialist in non-standard solutions, whose projects were ahead of their time and were truly fantastic. So was the Sagrada Familia. All in bizarre curls, it looks like a huge rock in the middle of the square. But it is worth getting closer, and the structure can be viewed for hours. Fragments from the Bible are carved on the walls. This was the idea of a genius - to create a unique architectural book.
Listing the most beautiful temples in the world, one cannot fail to mention St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. She is the heart Catholic world, such a miracle simply could not become an ordinary monument of architecture. For 100 years, 18 popes led the construction of the cathedral. The design was carried out by 12 of the greatest architects, including Michelangelo and Raphael.
The size of a football field, it does not depress with its grandeur, but amazes. From the outside, the building in the form of a cross looks like a castle with domes, but inside it is a real museum. Everything here is a work of art: altars, naves, statues, mosaics, columns. Tourists should go up to the famous statue of Peter on the papal throne and rub his feet. The saint's feet are already worn out from lovers of making wishes.
The most beautiful Orthodox churches
The Orthodox Church also boasts architecture.
St. Basil's Cathedral in Russia, these are 9 churches built on the same foundation. Many people know scary story about how Ivan the Terrible ordered the masters' eyes to be gouged out so that they would never again be able to repeat such beauty. Particularly striking are the onion domes of the temple, with a unique finish and different patterns.
How many times the fate of the cathedral hung in the balance! Either the French wanted to blow it up in 1812, or the party leaders tried to clear a place for parades, but it survived, although it remained a museum. Only occasionally services are held here.
famous Andrew's Church in Ukraine - a representative of the Baroque. It is built on the terrace of a two-story building, which stands on an artificial hill. Empress Elizabeth herself laid the foundation for the court church. According to legend, even Andrew the First-Called erected a cross on this place and declared that God's Grace resides here.
The church does not have a traditional bell tower, inviting the townspeople to the service. For a long time, services were not held in it, because the heirs to the throne were rarely here, and the church was royal. There is a legend that the sound of bells can wake up an underground spring, which will completely flood the shrine.
The most beautiful Buddhist temples
Temple Wat Rong Khun in Thailand - an amazing snow-white fairy tale, which was created in 1997 by a famous artist. Khalermkhai Kositpipat collected money from the sale of his works for 20 years in order to build an all-white temple with glass mosaics. The structure encircles a pond with white fish.
In the rays of sunset, this splendor reflects the red rays of the sun, and during the day the beauty is simply blinding. The temple is like a lace, all in curlicues, with interesting sculptures. Tourists note that the building does not look like traditional Thai. If you are not interested in Buddhism, then you should definitely come here to take amazing photos.
Shwedagon Temple Complex in Burma differs from traditional Buddhist architecture in color and splendor. Besides the fact that the pagoda is one of unique temples world, it is also one of the most holy for believers. Relics from different Buddhas are immured under the Shwedagon: a bowl, part of a tunic, a staff and 8 hairs. The famous pagoda has no entrance, it is a heaped hill lined with stone and brick, and covered with gold on top.
Silver bells hang from the spire to catch the wind. The entire top of the temple is studded with emeralds, rubies, sapphires and diamonds. It has shrines that correspond to the days of the week. They believe that wishes come true if gifts are left in the one that corresponds to the birthday.
The most beautiful Muslim temples
The mausoleum-mosque (India) occupies a place not only among the most beautiful temples in the world, but also among the most famous. Translated from Persian, the name of the tomb means "the crown of all palaces." Previously, the snow-white building was crowned with silver doors, the walls were decorated with pearls and precious stones. Until our time, such wealth has not survived. But there were inlaid gems, fine painting and mosaics.
The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan for his third wife, Mumtaz. This is an amazing Indian story: the emperor met love in the market and, blinded by its beauty, stopped noticing the poverty around. Mumtaz, despite her advanced age (19), bore him 13 children, and died giving birth on the 14th. The tomb still conveys all the beauty of Shah Jahan's beloved.
famous sheikh zayed mosque, built in Abu Dhabi, demonstrates the power and wealth of the UAE. Here you can see the world's largest carpet, a chandelier in Swarovski crystals, listed in the Guinness Book of Records for its size. The spiers of the minarets prop up the sky, their height is 115 meters. The largest mosque can accommodate 40 thousand believers.
